一项随机试验研究了 12 周的有氧运动、抗阻运动或两者结合的运动训练对超重和肥胖者心血管危险因素的影响。

The effect of 12 weeks of aerobic, resistance or combination exercise training on cardiovascular risk factors in the overweight and obese in a randomized trial.

机构信息

School of Public Health, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.

出版信息

BMC Public Health. 2012 Aug 28;12:704. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-704.

DOI:10.1186/1471-2458-12-704

PMID:23006411

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3487794/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Evidence suggests that exercise training improves CVD risk factors. However, it is unclear whether health benefits are limited to aerobic training or if other exercise modalities such as resistance training or a combination are as effective or more effective in the overweight and obese. The aim of this study is to investigate whether 12 weeks of moderate-intensity aerobic, resistance, or combined exercise training would induce and sustain improvements in cardiovascular risk profile, weight and fat loss in overweight and obese adults compared to no exercise.

METHODS

Twelve-week randomized parallel design examining the effects of different exercise regimes on fasting measures of lipids, glucose and insulin and changes in body weight, fat mass and dietary intake. Participants were randomized to either: Group 1 (Control, n = 16); Group 2 (Aerobic, n = 15); Group 3 (Resistance, n = 16); Group 4 (Combination, n = 17). Data was analysed using General Linear Model to assess the effects of the groups after adjusting for baseline values. Within-group data was analyzed with the paired t-test and between-group effects using post hoc comparisons.

RESULTS

Significant improvements in body weight (-1.6%, p = 0.044) for the Combination group compared to Control and Resistance groups and total body fat compared to Control (-4.4%, p = 0.003) and Resistance (-3%, p = 0.041). Significant improvements in body fat percentage (-2.6%, p = 0.008), abdominal fat percentage (-2.8%, p = 0.034) and cardio-respiratory fitness (13.3%, p = 0.006) were seen in the Combination group compared to Control. Levels of ApoB48 were 32% lower in the Resistance group compared to Control (p = 0.04).

CONCLUSION

A 12-week training program comprising of resistance or combination exercise, at moderate-intensity for 30 min, five days/week resulted in improvements in the cardiovascular risk profile in overweight and obese participants compared to no exercise. From our observations, combination exercise gave greater benefits for weight loss, fat loss and cardio-respiratory fitness than aerobic and resistance training modalities. Therefore, combination exercise training should be recommended for overweight and obese adults in National Physical Activity Guidelines.This clinical trial was registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR), registration number: ACTRN12609000684224.

摘要

背景

有证据表明，运动训练可以改善心血管疾病风险因素。然而，目前尚不清楚健康益处是否仅限于有氧运动，或者抗阻训练或两者结合是否在超重和肥胖人群中同样有效或更有效。本研究旨在探讨 12 周中等强度的有氧运动、抗阻运动或两者结合训练是否会与不运动相比，在超重和肥胖成年人中诱导和维持心血管风险特征、体重和体脂的改善。

方法

这是一项为期 12 周的随机平行设计研究，旨在研究不同运动方案对空腹血脂、血糖和胰岛素的影响，以及体重、体脂和饮食摄入的变化。参与者被随机分为以下 4 组：组 1（对照组，n=16）；组 2（有氧运动组，n=15）；组 3（抗阻运动组，n=16）；组 4（结合运动组，n=17）。采用一般线性模型分析数据，以评估各组在调整基线值后的效果。采用配对 t 检验分析组内数据，采用事后比较分析组间效应。

结果

与对照组和抗阻运动组相比，结合运动组的体重显著下降（-1.6%，p=0.044），与对照组和抗阻运动组相比，总体脂显著下降（-4.4%，p=0.003 和-3%，p=0.041）。与对照组相比，结合运动组的体脂百分比（-2.6%，p=0.008）、腹部脂肪百分比（-2.8%，p=0.034）和心肺功能（13.3%，p=0.006）显著提高。与对照组相比，抗阻运动组的 ApoB48 水平降低了 32%（p=0.04）。

结论

12 周的中等强度训练方案，每周 5 天，每天 30 分钟，包括抗阻或结合运动，可改善超重和肥胖参与者的心血管风险状况，与不运动相比。根据我们的观察，与有氧和抗阻运动相比，结合运动在体重减轻、体脂减少和心肺功能方面提供了更大的益处。因此，应建议超重和肥胖成年人在国家体育活动指南中进行结合运动训练。本临床试验在澳大利亚和新西兰临床试验注册中心（ANZCTR）注册，注册号：ACTRN12609000684224。