Rinaldi Ana Elisa Madalena, de Oliveira Erick Prado, Moreto Fernando, Gabriel Gleice Fernanda Costa Pinto, Corrente José Eduardo, Burini Roberto Carlos
CeMENutri - Centre for Physical and Nutritional Metabolism, Sao Paulo State University/UNESP, Department Of Public Health, Botucatu City, Sao Paulo State, Brazil.
BMC Res Notes. 2012 Oct 30;5:598. doi: 10.1186/1756-0500-5-598.
The high blood lipid levels and obesity are one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, and the atherosclerotic process begins in childhood. Some environmental factors are supposed to be involved in this relationship, such as dietary factors. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary intake and blood lipids levels in overweight and obese schoolchildren.
This is a cross-sectional study with 147 overweight and obese schoolchildren in Botucatu city, Brazil. The anthropometric measurements (body weight, height, body mass index, waist circumference and skinfolds), pubertal staging evaluation and biochemical tests were taken in all children. Three 24h-recall were applied in order to estimate the dietary intake and its relationship with blood lipid levels. The Student t test and multiple linear regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. Statistical significance was assessed at the level of 0.05. The data were processed in SAS software (version 9.1.3; SAS Institute).
At this study, 63% of children were obese (body mass index higher than 95th percentile) and 80% showed high body fat percentage. The percentage of children with abnormal total cholesterol and triglycerides was 12% and 10%, respectively, and 28% presented at least one abnormal lipid levels. The average values of anthropometric measurements were higher in children with elevated lipid levels. Total cholesterol levels were positively related to full-fat dairy products and triglycerides levels to saturated fat percentage.
Saturated fat was positively associated with elevated lipid levels in overweight and obese schoolchildren. These results reinforce the importance of healthy dietary habits since childhood in order to reduce the risks of cardiovascular diseases in adulthood.
高血脂和肥胖是心血管疾病的主要危险因素之一，动脉粥样硬化过程始于儿童期。一些环境因素被认为与这种关系有关，如饮食因素。本研究旨在调查超重和肥胖学童的饮食摄入与血脂水平之间的关系。
这是一项对巴西博图卡图市147名超重和肥胖学童进行的横断面研究。对所有儿童进行人体测量（体重、身高、体重指数、腰围和皮褶厚度）、青春期分期评估和生化检测。采用三次24小时回顾法来估计饮食摄入量及其与血脂水平的关系。采用学生t检验和多元线性回归分析进行统计分析。统计学显著性水平设定为0.05。数据在SAS软件（版本9.1.3；SAS研究所）中进行处理。
在本研究中，63%的儿童肥胖（体重指数高于第95百分位数），80%的儿童体脂百分比高。总胆固醇和甘油三酯异常的儿童比例分别为12%和10%，28%的儿童至少有一项血脂水平异常。血脂水平升高的儿童人体测量平均值更高。总胆固醇水平与全脂乳制品呈正相关，甘油三酯水平与饱和脂肪百分比呈正相关。
饱和脂肪与超重和肥胖学童的血脂水平升高呈正相关。这些结果强化了从小养成健康饮食习惯以降低成年后患心血管疾病风险的重要性。
