Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA.
J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2013 Jan;27(1):50-5. doi: 10.1002/jbt.21442. Epub 2012 Nov 5.
The global market for nanomaterial-based products is forecasted to reach 100 billion dollars per annum for 2011-2015. Extensive manufacturing and the use of engineered nanomaterials have raised concerns regarding their impact on biological response in living organisms and the environment at large. The fundamental properties of nanomaterials exhibit a complex dependence upon several factors such as their morphology, size, defects, and chemical stability. Therefore, it is exceedingly difficult to correlate their biological response with their intricate physicochemical properties. For example, varying toxic response may ensue due to different methods of nanomaterial preparation, dissimilar impurities, and defects. In this review, we surveyed the existing literature on the dependence of cytotoxicity on physicochemical properties. We found that ENM size, shape, defect density, physicochemical stability, and surface modification to be the main causes that elicit altered physiological response or cytotoxicity.
全球基于纳米材料的产品市场预计将在 2011 年至 2015 年达到每年 1000 亿美元。广泛的制造和使用工程纳米材料引起了人们对其对生物体和整个环境的生物反应的影响的关注。纳米材料的基本性质表现出对多种因素的复杂依赖性,例如其形态、尺寸、缺陷和化学稳定性。因此,很难将其生物反应与其复杂的物理化学性质联系起来。例如,由于纳米材料制备方法、杂质和缺陷不同,可能会产生不同的毒性反应。在这篇综述中,我们调查了有关细胞毒性与物理化学性质依赖性的现有文献。我们发现,ENM 的大小、形状、缺陷密度、物理化学稳定性和表面改性是引起生理反应或细胞毒性改变的主要原因。