Edebol Hanna, Helldin Lars, Norlander Torsten
Department of Psychology, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden.
Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health. 2012;8:134-43. doi: 10.2174/1745017901208010134. Epub 2012 Nov 2.
The present study evaluated two psychometric instruments derived from the objective measurement of adult ADHD using the Quantified Behavior Test Plus. The instruments were examined in ADHD versus a clinical group with overlapping symptoms including borderline personality disorder and bipolar II disorder, and another clinical group with participants assessed for but disconfirmed a diagnosis of ADHD as well as adult normative participants.
The Quantified Behavior Test Plus includes Continuous Performance Testing and a Motion Tracking System with parameters related to attention and activity operationalized as the cardinal symptoms of ADHD and then summarized into a Weighed Core Symptoms scale with ten cut-points ranging from 0 to 100. A categorical predictor variable called Prediction of ADHD was used to examine the levels of sensitivity and specificity for the Quantified Behavior Test Plus with regard to ADHD.
The Weighed Core Symptoms scale separated ADHD and normative participants from each other as well as from the two clinical reference groups. The scale reported highest levels of core symptoms in the ADHD group and the lowest level of core symptoms in the normative group. Analyses with Prediction of ADHD yielded 85 % specificity for the normative group, 87 % sensitivity for the ADHD group, 36 % sensitivity for the bipolar II and borderline group and 41 % sensitivity for the group with a disconfirmed diagnosis of ADHD.
The Weighed Core Symptoms scale facilitated objective assessment of adult ADHD insofar that the ADHD group presented more core symptoms than the other two clinical groups and the normative group. Sensitivity for the Quantified Behavior Test Plus was lower in complex clinical groups with Bipolar II disorder, Borderline disorder and in patients with a disconfirmed diagnosis of ADHD. The psychometric instruments may be further evaluated with regard to well-documented and effective treatment programs for ADHD core symptoms.
本研究使用量化行为测试升级版评估了两种源自成人注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）客观测量的心理测量工具。在ADHD组与具有重叠症状的临床组（包括边缘性人格障碍和双相II型障碍）以及另一个临床组（该组参与者接受了ADHD诊断评估但未确诊）和成人正常参与者组中对这些工具进行了检验。
量化行为测试升级版包括持续性操作测试和一个运动追踪系统，其与注意力和活动相关的参数被用作ADHD的主要症状进行操作化处理，然后汇总成一个加权核心症状量表，有从0到100的十个切点。一个名为ADHD预测的分类预测变量用于检验量化行为测试升级版对ADHD的敏感性和特异性水平。
加权核心症状量表将ADHD组和正常参与者组彼此区分开来，也与两个临床参照组区分开来。该量表显示ADHD组的核心症状水平最高，正常组的核心症状水平最低。对ADHD预测的分析得出，正常组的特异性为85%，ADHD组的敏感性为87%，双相II型和边缘性人格障碍组的敏感性为36%，ADHD诊断未确诊组的敏感性为41%。
加权核心症状量表有助于对成人ADHD进行客观评估，因为ADHD组比其他两个临床组和正常组表现出更多的核心症状。在患有双相II型障碍、边缘性障碍的复杂临床组以及ADHD诊断未确诊的患者中，量化行为测试升级版的敏感性较低。这些心理测量工具可针对ADHD核心症状的充分记录且有效的治疗方案进一步进行评估。
