Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Medicine, Flinders University, PO Box 2100, Adelaide 5001, Australia.
Nutrients. 2012 Oct 15;4(10):1464-74. doi: 10.3390/nu4101464.
The aim of this study was to investigate the association of breastfeeding duration and food variety at 2 years of age. A secondary data analysis was undertaken of the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study, an ongoing longitudinal study. Data collected from a single 24 h dietary recall of 1905, 2 year-old children were used to calculate two food variety scores; a core food variety score (CFVS) and a fruit and vegetable variety score (FVVS). Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to identify those factors independently associated with the CFVS and FVVS. The mean CFVS was 7.52 (range 1–18) of a possible 34 food items or groups and the mean FVVS was 2.84 (range 0–10) of a possible 16 food items or groups. Breastfeeding duration was independently directly associated with the CFVS (p < 0.001) and FVVS (p < 0.001). In addition, maternal age was independently directly associated with the CFVS (p < 0.001) and FVVS (p = 0.001) as was maternal education (CFVS p < 0.001 and FVVS p = 0.043). The presence of older siblings was independently inversely associated with the CFVS (p = 0.003) and FVVS (p = 0.001). This study demonstrated a direct modest association between breastfeeding duration and food variety in 2 year-old children, independent of maternal demographic characteristics known to predict food variety in children. This finding supports the hypothesis that flavours transferred in breast milk provide repeated early exposure to different tastes and positively shape children’s food preferences and food variety.
本研究旨在探讨母乳喂养持续时间和 2 岁时食物多样性的关联。对西澳大利亚妊娠队列（Raine）研究进行了二次数据分析，该研究是一项正在进行的纵向研究。从 1905 名 2 岁儿童的单次 24 小时饮食回忆中收集的数据用于计算两个食物多样性评分；核心食物多样性评分（CFVS）和水果和蔬菜多样性评分（FVVS）。使用多变量线性回归分析确定与 CFVS 和 FVVS 独立相关的因素。CFVS 的平均得分为 7.52（范围 1-18），可能有 34 种食物或组，FVVS 的平均得分为 2.84（范围 0-10），可能有 16 种食物或组。母乳喂养持续时间与 CFVS（p<0.001）和 FVVS（p<0.001）独立呈直接正相关。此外，母亲年龄与 CFVS（p<0.001）和 FVVS（p=0.001）独立呈直接正相关，母亲教育程度也与 CFVS（p<0.001）和 FVVS（p=0.043）独立呈正相关。有年龄较大的兄弟姐妹与 CFVS（p=0.003）和 FVVS（p=0.001）独立呈负相关。本研究表明，在 2 岁儿童中，母乳喂养持续时间与食物多样性之间存在直接适度的关联，独立于已知可预测儿童食物多样性的母亲人口统计学特征。这一发现支持了这样一种假设，即母乳中传递的味道提供了对不同味道的反复早期接触，并积极塑造了儿童的食物偏好和食物多样性。
