Abernethy B
Department of Human Movement Studies, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia.
Perception. 1990;19(1):63-77. doi: 10.1068/p190063.
The visual search characteristics of expert and novice squash players were compared in two experiments. In the first experiment subjects were required to predict the forthcoming direction and force of an opponent's stroke from a film display. This film display was designed to simulate the normal display available to the defending player in squash and involved the use of variable temporal cut-offs to force the subjects to use advance cues in their prediction. Systematic differences in the information pick-up of the experts and novices were observed on the film task but these differences were achieved with only relatively minor between-group variations in visual search strategy. In the second experiment, set in the natural field setting, no expert-novice differences in either fixation distribution, order, or duration were observed on a comparable prediction task. This provided further support for the conclusion that the limiting factor in the perceptual performance of the novices is not an inappropriate search strategy but rather an inability to make full use of the information available from fixated display features. Some practical implications of these findings for the squash coach and player are considered.
在两项实验中，对专业和新手壁球运动员的视觉搜索特征进行了比较。在第一个实验中，要求受试者根据影片展示预测对手击球的即将到来的方向和力量。该影片展示旨在模拟壁球防守球员可获得的正常展示，并使用可变的时间截止来迫使受试者在预测中使用提前线索。在影片任务中观察到专家和新手在信息获取方面存在系统差异，但这些差异仅在视觉搜索策略上存在相对较小的组间差异。在第二个实验中，设置在自然场地环境中，在类似的预测任务中，未观察到专家和新手在注视分布、顺序或持续时间上的差异。这为以下结论提供了进一步支持：新手感知表现的限制因素不是不适当的搜索策略，而是无法充分利用从固定展示特征中获得的信息。考虑了这些发现对壁球教练和球员的一些实际影响。
