Paterson C A, Pfister R R, Levinson R A
Am J Ophthalmol. 1975 Mar;79(3):414-9. doi: 10.1016/0002-9394(75)90614-5.
Following application of 2N sodium hydroxide, or 8.1N ammonium hydroxide to rabbit cornea, the aqueous humor pH reached a maximum of 10.2, 11.9, and 12 within six minutes following 20-, 50-, and 100-mu1 sodium hydroxide burns, respectively; after two hours the pH had fallen to 8.5, 10, and 10.5. The maximum rise following application of 100-mu1 of ammonium hydroxide was 10.8, declining to about 9 at two hours. The fall in pH following a 100-mu1 sodium hydroxide burn was not greatly influence by external lavage. However, the pH was significantly lowered (12 to 10) by paracentesis alone and further reduced by immediate or delayed intracameral administration of phosphate buffer. On the basis of these results moderately severe and severe alkali burns of the eye should be treated by paracentesis and if possible with anterior chamber reformation with a sterile solution.
给兔角膜应用2N氢氧化钠或8.1N氢氧化铵后，在20微升、50微升和100微升氢氧化钠烧伤后6分钟内，房水pH值分别最高达到10.2、11.9和12；两小时后，pH值降至8.5、10和10.5。应用100微升氢氧化铵后的最大上升值为10.8，两小时后降至约9。100微升氢氧化钠烧伤后pH值的下降不受外部冲洗的很大影响。然而，仅通过前房穿刺pH值就显著降低（从12降至10），并通过立即或延迟前房内给予磷酸盐缓冲液进一步降低。基于这些结果，中重度和重度眼碱烧伤应通过前房穿刺治疗，如有可能，用无菌溶液进行前房重建。
