Arora Manit, Chan Edward Ks, Gupta Sunil, Diwan Ashish D
Manit Arora, St George Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Kogarah, New South Wales 2217, Australia.
World J Orthop. 2013 Apr 18;4(2):67-74. doi: 10.5312/wjo.v4.i2.67.
Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement technology has progressed from industrial Plexiglass administration in the 1950s to the recent advent of nanoparticle additives. Additives have been trialed to address problems with modern bone cements such as the loosening of prosthesis, high post-operative infection rates, and inflammatory reduction in interface integrity. This review aims to assess current additives used in PMMA bone cements and offer an insight regarding future directions for this biomaterial. Low index (< 15%) vitamin E and low index (< 5 g) antibiotic impregnated additives significantly address infection and inflammatory problems, with only modest reductions in mechanical strength. Chitosan (15% w/w PMMA) and silver (1% w/w PMMA) nanoparticles have strong antibacterial activity with no significant reduction in mechanical strength. Future work on PMMA bone cements should focus on trialing combinations of these additives as this may enhance favourable properties.
聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）骨水泥技术已从20世纪50年代的工业有机玻璃应用发展到最近纳米颗粒添加剂的出现。人们已经尝试使用添加剂来解决现代骨水泥存在的问题，如假体松动、术后感染率高以及界面完整性炎症减轻等问题。本综述旨在评估目前用于PMMA骨水泥的添加剂，并对这种生物材料的未来发展方向提供见解。低指数（<15%）维生素E和低指数（<5 g）抗生素浸渍添加剂能显著解决感染和炎症问题，同时机械强度仅有适度降低。壳聚糖（15% w/w PMMA）和银（1% w/w PMMA）纳米颗粒具有很强的抗菌活性，且机械强度无显著降低。PMMA骨水泥的未来研究应集中于试验这些添加剂的组合，因为这可能会增强有利性能。
