Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, 516 Baekhyun, Bundang, Seongnam, Gyeonggi 463-746, Republic of Korea.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:934183. doi: 10.1155/2013/934183. Epub 2013 Apr 10.
Eleutheroside E (EE), a principal component of Eleutherococcus senticosus (ES), has anti-inflammatory and protective effects in ischemia heart. However, it is unknown whether it ameliorates insulin resistance and reduces hyperglycemia in diabetes. This study investigated the effect of EE-containing ES extracts, as well as EE, on hyperglycemia and insulin resistance in db/db mice. EE increased the insulin-provoked glucose uptake in C2C12 myotubes. Moreover, EE improved TNF- α -induced suppression of glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Five-week-old db/db mice were fed a diet consisting of ES extract or EE for 5 weeks. Both were effective in improving serum lipid profiles and significantly decreased blood glucose and serum insulin levels. ES and EE supplementation effectively attenuated HOMA-IR. Glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance tests showed that EE increased insulin sensitivity. Immunohistochemical staining indicated that ES and EE protected pancreatic alpha and beta cells from diabetic damage. In addition, ES and EE improved hepatic glucose metabolism by upregulating glycolysis and downregulating gluconeogenesis in obese type 2 diabetic mice. These data suggest that EE mediates the hyperglycemic effects of ES by regulating insulin signaling and glucose utilization. The beneficial effects of EE may provide an effective and powerful strategy to alleviate diabetes.
刺五加苷 E（EE）是刺五加（ES）的主要成分之一，具有抗炎和保护作用，可用于缺血性心脏病。然而，其是否能改善糖尿病患者的胰岛素抵抗和降低高血糖水平尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨 EE 含量丰富的 ES 提取物以及 EE 对 db/db 小鼠高血糖和胰岛素抵抗的影响。结果表明，EE 可增加 C2C12 肌管中胰岛素刺激的葡萄糖摄取，还可改善 TNF-α 诱导的 3T3-L1 脂肪细胞葡萄糖摄取抑制。5 周龄 db/db 小鼠喂食 ES 提取物或 EE 饮食 5 周。两种方法均能有效改善血脂谱，并显著降低血糖和血清胰岛素水平。ES 和 EE 补充剂可有效减轻 HOMA-IR。葡萄糖耐量和胰岛素耐量试验表明，EE 可增加胰岛素敏感性。免疫组织化学染色表明，ES 和 EE 可通过上调糖酵解和下调糖异生来保护肥胖 2 型糖尿病小鼠的胰岛 α 和 β 细胞免受糖尿病损伤。这些数据表明，EE 通过调节胰岛素信号和葡萄糖利用来介导 ES 的高血糖作用。EE 的有益作用可能为缓解糖尿病提供一种有效且强大的策略。
