Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Research Council National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London, UK.
Semin Immunopathol. 2013 Jul;35(4):513-30. doi: 10.1007/s00281-013-0384-6. Epub 2013 Jun 4.
Neutrophils are the foot soldiers of the immune system. They home in to the site of infection and kill pathogens by phagocytosis, degranulation, and the release of web-like structures called neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) that trap and kill a variety of microbes. NETs have been shown to play a multitude of additional roles in immunity but have also been implicated in inflammatory and autoimmune disease. Here, we discuss the role of NETs in these various contexts with a particular emphasis on the molecular mechanisms that regulate NET release and clearance. We highlight the comprehensive concepts and explore the important open questions in the field.
中性粒细胞是免疫系统的步兵。它们趋化到感染部位，通过吞噬作用、脱粒和释放称为中性粒细胞胞外陷阱（NETs）的网状结构来杀死病原体，NETs 可以捕获和杀死多种微生物。已经表明，NETs 在免疫中发挥多种额外作用，但也与炎症性和自身免疫性疾病有关。在这里，我们讨论了 NETs 在这些不同情况下的作用，特别强调了调节 NET 释放和清除的分子机制。我们强调了全面的概念，并探讨了该领域的重要悬而未决的问题。
