Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Doan N1145, 410 W. 10th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
QJM. 2014 Jan;107(1):7-14. doi: 10.1093/qjmed/hct116. Epub 2013 Jun 5.
Leishmaniasis is a global term for cutaneous and visceral anthroponotic and zoonotic diseases caused by the vector-borne parasites of the genus Leishmania. These diseases afflict at least 2 million people each year with more than 350 million at risk in 98 countries worldwide. These are diseases mostly of the impoverished making prevention, diagnosis and treatment difficult. Therapy of leishmaniasis ranges from local treatment of cutaneous lesions to systemic, often toxic, therapy for disseminated cutaneous, mucocutaneous and deadly visceral disease. This review is a summary of the clinical syndromes caused by Leishmania and treatment regimens currently used for various forms of leishmaniasis.
利什曼病是一种全球性术语，用于指代由利什曼属寄生虫经媒介传播引起的皮肤和内脏人兽共患和人畜共患病。这些疾病每年至少影响 200 万人，在全球 98 个国家中有超过 3.5 亿人面临感染风险。这些疾病主要发生在贫困人群中，导致预防、诊断和治疗困难。利什曼病的治疗范围从皮肤病变的局部治疗到全身治疗，全身性治疗通常毒性较大，适用于皮肤广泛扩散、黏膜皮肤扩散和致命内脏疾病。本文综述了由利什曼原虫引起的临床综合征以及目前用于各种形式利什曼病的治疗方案。
