Hannon Lonnie, Sawyer Patricia, Allman Richard M
Tuskegee University.
J Health Dispar Res Pract. 2012 Fall;5(3):27-41.
This study examines the association of neighborhood environment, as measured by housing factors, with physical activity among older African Americans. Context is provided on the effects of structural inequality as an inhibitor of health enhancing neighborhood environments. The study population included African Americans participating in the UAB Study of Aging (n=433). Participants demonstrated the ability to walk during a baseline in-home assessment. The strength and independence of housing factors were assessed using neighborhood walking for exercise as the outcome variable. Sociodemographic data, co-morbid medical conditions, and rural/urban residence were included as independent control factors. Homeownership, occupancy, and length of residency maintained positive associations with neighborhood walking independent of control factors. Housing factors appear to be predictive of resident engagement in neighborhood walking. Housing factors, specifically high rates of homeownership, reflect functional and positive neighborhood environments conducive for physical activity. Future interventions seeking to promote health-enhancing behavior should focus on developing housing and built-environment assets within the neighborhood environment.
本研究考察了以住房因素衡量的邻里环境与老年非裔美国人身体活动之间的关联。文中阐述了结构性不平等作为健康促进型邻里环境的抑制因素所产生的影响。研究对象包括参与阿拉巴马大学衰老研究的非裔美国人（n = 433）。参与者在基线居家评估中表现出行走能力。以邻里散步锻炼作为结果变量，评估住房因素的强度和独立性。社会人口统计学数据、合并症医疗状况以及农村/城市居住情况作为独立控制因素纳入研究。房屋所有权、居住情况和居住时长与邻里散步保持着独立于控制因素的正相关。住房因素似乎能够预测居民参与邻里散步的情况。住房因素，特别是高房屋所有权率，反映出有利于身体活动的功能性和积极的邻里环境。未来旨在促进健康行为的干预措施应侧重于在邻里环境中开发住房和建筑环境资产。
