Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Institut für Pharmazie, Lehrstuhl für Pharmazeutische Technologie, Lessingstraße 8, 07743 Jena, Germany.
Eur J Pharm Sci. 2013 Dec 18;50(5):601-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ejps.2013.05.030. Epub 2013 Jun 10.
The stratum corneum is a strong barrier that must be overcome to achieve successful transdermal delivery of a pharmaceutical agent. Many strategies have been developed to enhance the permeation through this barrier. Traditionally, drug penetration through the stratum corneum is evaluated by employing tape-stripping protocols and measuring the content of the analyte. Although effective, this method cannot provide a detailed information regarding the penetration pathways. To address this issue various microscopic techniques have been employed. Raman microscopy offers the advantage of label free imaging and provides spectral information regarding the chemical integrity of the drug as well as the tissue. In this paper we present a relatively simple method to obtain XZ-Raman profiles of human stratum corneum using confocal Raman microscopy on intact full thickness skin biopsies. The spectral datasets were analysed using a spectral unmixing algorithm. The spectral information obtained, highlights the different components of the tissue and the presence of drug. We present Raman images of untreated skin and diffusion patterns for deuterated water and beta-carotene after Franz-cell diffusion experiment.
角质层是一个强大的屏障，必须克服它才能成功地将药物递送到皮肤中。已经开发了许多策略来增强通过这个屏障的渗透。传统上，通过使用胶带剥离方案和测量分析物的含量来评估药物穿过角质层的渗透。虽然有效，但这种方法不能提供关于渗透途径的详细信息。为了解决这个问题，已经采用了各种显微镜技术。拉曼显微镜具有无标记成像的优势，并提供有关药物以及组织的化学完整性的光谱信息。在本文中，我们提出了一种相对简单的方法，使用共焦拉曼显微镜在完整的全厚度皮肤活检上获得人角质层的 XZ-拉曼剖面图。使用光谱解混算法分析光谱数据集。获得的光谱信息突出了组织的不同成分和药物的存在。我们展示了未经处理的皮肤的拉曼图像以及 Franz 细胞扩散实验后氘化水和β-胡萝卜素的扩散模式。
