Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Division of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Exp Dermatol. 2022 Sep;31(9):1311-1329. doi: 10.1111/exd.14645. Epub 2022 Jul 25.
The analytical technology of Raman spectroscopy has an almost 100-year history. During this period, many modifications and developments happened in the method like discovery of laser, improvements in optical elements and sensitivity of spectrometer and also more advanced light detection systems. Many types of the innovative techniques appeared (e.g. Transmittance Raman spectroscopy, Coherent Raman Scattering microscopy, Surface-Enhanced Raman scattering and Confocal Raman spectroscopy/microscopy). This review article gives a short description about these different Raman techniques and their possible applications. Then, a short statistical part is coming about the appearance of Raman spectroscopy in the scientific literature from the beginnings to these days. The third part of the paper shows the main application options of the technique (especially confocal Raman spectroscopy) in skin research, including skin composition analysis, drug penetration monitoring and analysis, diagnostic utilizations in dermatology and cosmeto-scientific applications. At the end, the possible role of artificial intelligence in Raman data analysis and the regulatory aspect of these techniques in dermatology are briefly summarized. For the future of Raman Spectroscopy, increasing clinical relevance and in vivo applications can be predicted with spreading of non-destructive methods and appearance with the most advanced instruments with rapid analysis time.
拉曼光谱分析技术已有近 100 年的历史。在此期间，该方法发生了许多改进和发展，例如激光的发现、光学元件和光谱仪灵敏度的提高，以及更先进的光探测系统。许多创新技术也相继出现（例如透射拉曼光谱、相干拉曼散射显微镜、表面增强拉曼散射和共焦拉曼光谱/显微镜）。本文简要介绍了这些不同的拉曼技术及其可能的应用。然后，本文还对拉曼光谱在科学文献中的出现情况进行了简短的统计，统计时间从其起源到现在。本文的第三部分展示了该技术（尤其是共焦拉曼光谱）在皮肤研究中的主要应用选择，包括皮肤成分分析、药物渗透监测和分析、皮肤病诊断应用和美容科学应用。最后，简要总结了人工智能在拉曼数据分析中的可能作用以及这些技术在皮肤病学中的监管方面。对于拉曼光谱的未来，可以预见的是，随着非破坏性方法的普及和最先进仪器的出现，以及快速分析时间的实现，其临床相关性和体内应用将会增加。
