Biomarkers. 2001;6(5):335-50. doi: 10.1080/13547500110044771.
Mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) were sampled in March 1996 from five stations along the Western Mediterranean coast (Barcelona, Ebro Delta, Alboraya, Cullera, Denia) corresponding to urban, industrial and agricultural areas. Different biochemical and cellular markers were determined in the mussels in order to assess the effects and/or exposure to pollutants. The cytochrome P450 system, acetylcholinesterase and metallothioneins were among the biochemical markers selected for the study. Histochemical analysis of ß-glucuronidase and catalase activity were performed as marker enzymes for lysosomes and peroxisomes. Chemical analyses indicated that mussels from Barcelona and Denia as highly exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)(1.8-2.7 µg g(-1) w.w. against 0.02-0.10 µg g(-1) w.w.), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)(132-260 ng g(-1) w.w. against 8-24 ng g(-1) w.w.). This was in agreement with changes in lysosome structure and higher number of peroxisomes in those organisms. High levels of metals (particularly Cr and Cu) were recorded in the digestive gland of Alboraya mussels, which also had elevated metallothionein content (28 nmol g(-1) w.w.) in comparison with the other stations (15-20 nmol g(-1) w.w.). Benzo(a)pyrene hydroxylase (BPH) activity indicated Cullera and Barcelona as possibly polluted sites. The results support the usefulness of the biomarker approach to assess and diagnose environmental pollution. The use of a battery of biomarkers at different levels of biological organization coupled with chemical analysis is highlighted.
1996 年 3 月，在沿地中海西部的五个地点（巴塞罗那、埃布罗三角洲、阿尔伯利亚、库列拉、德尼亚）采集贻贝（贻贝）样本，这些地点对应于城市、工业和农业地区。为了评估污染物的影响和/或暴露情况，对贻贝中的不同生化和细胞标记物进行了测定。所选的生化标记物包括细胞色素 P450 系统、乙酰胆碱酯酶和金属硫蛋白。β-葡萄糖醛酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性的组织化学分析作为溶酶体和过氧化物酶的标记酶进行。化学分析表明，来自巴塞罗那和德尼亚的贻贝高度暴露于多环芳烃（PAHs）（1.8-2.7µg g（-1）w.w. 对 0.02-0.10µg g（-1）w.w.）和多氯联苯（PCBs）（132-260ng g（-1）w.w. 对 8-24ng g（-1）w.w.）。这与这些生物体中溶酶体结构的变化和过氧化物体数量的增加一致。在阿尔伯利亚贻贝的消化腺中记录了高水平的金属（特别是 Cr 和 Cu），其金属硫蛋白含量（28nmol g（-1）w.w.）也高于其他地点（15-20nmol g（-1）w.w.）。苯并（a）芘羟化酶（BPH）活性表明库列拉和巴塞罗那可能受到污染。结果支持使用生物标志物方法评估和诊断环境污染的有用性。强调了在不同生物组织层次上使用一组生物标志物与化学分析相结合的方法。
