Leventhal Adam M, Huh Jimi, Dunton Genevieve F
Departments of Preventive Medicine and Psychology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Perspect Public Health. 2014 Nov;134(6):331-8. doi: 10.1177/1757913913495780. Epub 2013 Aug 2.
Examining the co-occurrence patterns of modifiable biobehavioral risk factors for deadly chronic diseases (e.g. cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes) can elucidate the etiology of risk factors and guide disease-prevention programming. The aims of this study were to (1) identify latent classes based on the clustering of five key biobehavioral risk factors among US adults who reported at least one risk factor and (2) explore the demographic correlates of the identified latent classes.
Participants were respondents of the National Epidemiologic Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions (2004-2005) with at least one of the following disease risk factors in the past year (N = 22,789), which were also the latent class indicators: (1) alcohol abuse/dependence, (2) drug abuse/dependence, (3) nicotine dependence, (4) obesity, and (5) physical inactivity. Housing sample units were selected to match the US National Census in location and demographic characteristics, with young adults oversampled. Participants were administered surveys by trained interviewers.
Five latent classes were yielded: 'obese, active non-substance abusers' (23%); 'nicotine-dependent, active, and non-obese' (19%); 'active, non-obese alcohol abusers' (6%); 'inactive, non-substance abusers' (50%); and 'active, polysubstance abusers' (3.7%). Four classes were characterized by a 100% likelihood of having one risk factor coupled with a low or moderate likelihood of having the other four risk factors. The five classes exhibited unique demographic profiles.
Risk factors may cluster together in a non-monotonic fashion, with the majority of the at-risk population of US adults expected to have a high likelihood of endorsing only one of these five risk factors.
研究致命性慢性疾病（如癌症、心血管疾病、糖尿病）可改变的生物行为风险因素的共现模式，有助于阐明风险因素的病因，并为疾病预防规划提供指导。本研究的目的是：（1）在美国至少报告一种风险因素的成年人中，基于五个关键生物行为风险因素的聚类识别潜在类别；（2）探索所识别潜在类别的人口统计学相关因素。
参与者为《酒精及相关状况国家流行病学调查》（2004 - 2005年）的受访者，在过去一年中至少有以下一种疾病风险因素（N = 22,789），这些因素也是潜在类别指标：（1）酒精滥用/依赖；（2）药物滥用/依赖；（3）尼古丁依赖；（4）肥胖；（5）身体活动不足。住房样本单元的选择在地理位置和人口统计学特征上与美国全国人口普查相匹配，对年轻人进行了过度抽样。由经过培训的访谈员对参与者进行调查。
产生了五个潜在类别：“肥胖、活跃的非物质滥用者”（23%）；“尼古丁依赖、活跃且非肥胖者”（19%）；“活跃的非肥胖酒精滥用者”（6%）；“不活跃的非物质滥用者”（50%）；“活跃的多物质滥用者”（3.7%）。四个类别具有以下特征：有100%的可能性具有一种风险因素，同时具有其他四种风险因素的可能性较低或中等。这五个类别呈现出独特的人口统计学特征。
风险因素可能以非单调方式聚集在一起，预计美国成年高危人群中的大多数很可能仅认可这五个风险因素中的一个。
