Département de démographie, Université de Montréal, 3150 rue Jean-Brillant, local C-5043, H3T 1N8 Montréal (Québec), Canada.
Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la Population (ISSP), Université de Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7118, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso ; Institut national d'études démographiques (INED), 133 Boulevard Davout, 75980 Paris Cédex 20, France.
Popul Health Metr. 2013 Aug 8;11:15. doi: 10.1186/1478-7954-11-15. eCollection 2013.
Although the relationship between self-rated health (SRH) and physical and mental health is well documented in developed countries, very few studies have analyzed this association in the developing world, particularly in Africa. In this study, we examine the associations of SRH with measures of physical and mental health (chronic diseases, functional limitations, and depression) among adults in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, and how these associations vary by sex, age, and education level.
This study was based on 2195 individuals aged 15 years or older who participated in a cross-sectional interviewer-administered health survey conducted in 2010 in areas of the Ouagadougou Health and Demographic Surveillance System. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the associations of poor SRH with chronic diseases, functional limitations, and depression, first in the whole sample and then stratified by sex, age, and education level.
Poor SRH was strongly correlated with chronic diseases and functional limitations, but not with depression, suggesting that in this context, physical health probably makes up most of people's perceptions of their health status. The effect of functional limitations on poor SRH increased with age, probably because the ability to circumvent or compensate for a disability diminishes with age. The effect of functional limitations was also stronger among the least educated, probably because physical integrity is more important for people who depend on it for their livelihood. In contrast, the effect of chronic diseases appeared to decrease with age. No variation by sex was observed in the associations of SRH with chronic diseases, functional limitations, or depression.
Our findings suggest that different subpopulations delineated by age and education level weight the components of health differently in their self-rated health in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. In-depth studies are needed to understand why and how these groups do so.
尽管自我报告的健康状况（SRH）与身心健康之间的关系在发达国家已有充分的记录，但在发展中国家，特别是在非洲，很少有研究分析这种关联。在这项研究中，我们研究了在布基纳法索瓦加杜古的成年人中，SRH 与身体健康和心理健康（慢性疾病、功能障碍和抑郁）测量值之间的关联，以及这些关联如何因性别、年龄和教育程度而异。
本研究基于 2010 年在瓦加杜古健康和人口监测系统地区进行的一项横断面访谈者管理的健康调查中，对 2195 名年龄在 15 岁及以上的个体进行分析。我们使用逻辑回归模型分析了 SRH 不良与慢性疾病、功能障碍和抑郁之间的关联，首先在整个样本中进行，然后按性别、年龄和教育程度进行分层。
SRH 不良与慢性疾病和功能障碍密切相关，但与抑郁无关，这表明在这种情况下，身体健康可能构成了大多数人对自己健康状况的认知。功能障碍对 SRH 不良的影响随着年龄的增长而增加，这可能是因为随着年龄的增长，规避或补偿残疾的能力会下降。教育程度最低的人群中，功能障碍的影响也更强，这可能是因为身体完整性对那些依赖它谋生的人来说更为重要。相反，慢性疾病的影响似乎随着年龄的增长而降低。在 SRH 与慢性疾病、功能障碍或抑郁之间的关联方面，没有观察到性别差异。
我们的研究结果表明，在布基纳法索瓦加杜古，不同年龄和教育程度的亚人群在自我报告的健康状况中对健康的组成部分有不同的权重。需要进行深入研究，以了解为什么以及这些群体是如何这样做的。
