Khosravi-Boroujeni Hossein, Sarrafzadegan Nizal, Mohammadifard Noushin, Sajjadi Firouzeh, Maghroun Maryam, Asgari Sedigheh, Rafieian-Kopaei Mahmoud, Azadbakht Leila
Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
J Health Popul Nutr. 2013 Jun;31(2):252-61. doi: 10.3329/jhpn.v31i2.16390.
Association between white rice intake and risk factors of cardiovascular diseases remained uncertain. Most of the previous published studies have been done in western countries with different lifestyles, and scant data are available from the Middle East region, including Iran. This cross-sectional study was conducted in the structure of Isfahan Healthy Heart Program (IHHP) to assess the association between white rice consumption and risk factors of cardiovascular diseases. In the present study, 3,006 men were included from three counties of Isfahan, Najafabad, and Arak by multistage cluster random-sampling method. Dietary intake was assessed with a 49-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Laboratory assessment was done in a standardized central laboratory. Outcome variables were fasting blood glucose, serum lipid levels, and anthropometric variables. Socioeconomic and demographic data, physical activity, and body mass index (BMI) were considered covariates and were adjusted in analysis. In this study, Student's t-test, chi-square test, and logistic regression were used for statistical analyses. Means of BMI among those subjects who consumed white rice less than 7 times per week and people who consumed 7-14 times per week were almost similar--24.8 +/- 4.3 vs 24.5 +/- 4.7 kg/m2. There was no significant association between white rice consumption and risk factors of cardiovascular diseases, such as fasting blood sugar arid serum lipid profiles. Although whole grain consumption has undeniable effect on preventing cardiovascular disease risk, white rice consumption was not associated with cardiovascular risks among Iranian men in the present study. Further prospective studies with a semi-quantitative FFQ or dietary record questionnaire, representing type and portion-size of rice intake as well as cooking methods and other foods consumed with rice that affect glycaemic index (GI) of rice, are required to support our finding and to illustrate the probable mechanism.
白米摄入量与心血管疾病风险因素之间的关联仍不确定。此前大多数已发表的研究是在生活方式不同的西方国家进行的，而包括伊朗在内的中东地区的数据很少。这项横断面研究是在伊斯法罕健康心脏项目（IHHP）的框架内进行的，旨在评估白米消费与心血管疾病风险因素之间的关联。在本研究中，通过多阶段整群随机抽样方法，从伊斯法罕、纳贾法巴德和阿拉克三个县纳入了3006名男性。饮食摄入量通过一份包含49个条目的食物频率问卷（FFQ）进行评估。实验室评估在标准化的中央实验室进行。结果变量包括空腹血糖、血脂水平和人体测量变量。社会经济和人口统计学数据、身体活动和体重指数（BMI）被视为协变量，并在分析中进行了调整。在本研究中，使用了学生t检验、卡方检验和逻辑回归进行统计分析。每周食用白米少于7次的受试者和每周食用7 - 14次的受试者的BMI平均值几乎相似——分别为24.8±4.3与24.5±4.7kg/m²。白米消费与心血管疾病风险因素之间没有显著关联，如空腹血糖和血脂谱。尽管全谷物消费对预防心血管疾病风险有不可否认的作用，但在本研究中，伊朗男性的白米消费与心血管风险无关。需要进一步进行前瞻性研究，使用半定量的FFQ或饮食记录问卷，以反映大米摄入量的类型和份量以及烹饪方法和与大米一起食用的其他影响大米血糖指数（GI）的食物，以支持我们这一发现并阐明可能的机制。
