Sweeney J D, Ksienski D A, Mortimer J T
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106.
IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 1990 Jul;37(7):706-15. doi: 10.1109/10.55681.
Numerical modeling and experimental testing of a nerve cuff technique for selective stimulation of superficial peripheral nerve trunk regions is presented. Two basic electrode configurations ("snug" cuff monopolar and tripolar longitudinally aligned dots) have been considered. In addition, the feasibility of "steering" excitation into superficial nerve trunk regions using subthreshold levels of current flow from an electrode dot located on the opposite side of the nerve has been tested. Modeling objectives were to solve for the electric field that would be generated within a representative nerve trunk by each electrode configuration; and to use a simple nerve cable model to predict the effectiveness of each configuration in producing localized excitation. In three acute experiments on cat sciatic nerve the objective was to characterize the effectiveness of each electrode configuration in selectively activating only the medial gastrocnemius muscle. Modeling and experimentation both suggest that longitudinally aligned tripolar dot electrodes on the surface of a nerve trunk, and bounded by a layer of insulation (such as a nerve cuff), will restrict excitation to superficial nerve trunk regions more successfully than will monopolar dot electrodes. Excitation "steering" will improve the spatial selectivity of both monopolar and tripolar electrode configurations.
本文介绍了一种用于选择性刺激浅表周围神经干区域的神经袖套技术的数值建模和实验测试。研究考虑了两种基本电极配置（“贴合式”袖套单极和纵向排列的三极点状电极）。此外，还测试了利用位于神经另一侧的电极点的亚阈值电流将激发“引导”至浅表神经干区域的可行性。建模目标是求解每种电极配置在代表性神经干内产生的电场；并使用简单的神经电缆模型预测每种配置产生局部激发的有效性。在对猫坐骨神经进行的三个急性实验中，目标是表征每种电极配置在仅选择性激活腓肠肌内侧方面的有效性。建模和实验均表明，神经干表面由绝缘层（如神经袖套）界定的纵向排列的三极点状电极比单极点状电极更能成功地将激发限制在浅表神经干区域。激发“引导”将提高单极和三极电极配置的空间选择性。
