Bio-Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Nanoscale. 2013 Nov 7;5(21):10226-35. doi: 10.1039/c3nr03113f. Epub 2013 Sep 24.
Protein microarrays are valuable tools for protein assays. Reducing spot sizes from micro- to nano-scale facilitates miniaturization of platforms and consequently decreased material consumption, but faces inherent challenges in the reduction of fluorescent signals and compatibility with complex solutions. Here we show that vertical arrays of nanowires (NWs) can overcome several bottlenecks of using nanoarrays for extraction and analysis of proteins. The high aspect ratio of the NWs results in a large surface area available for protein immobilization and renders passivation of the surface between the NWs unnecessary. Fluorescence detection of proteins allows quantitative measurements and spatial resolution, enabling us to track individual NWs through several analytical steps, thereby allowing multiplexed detection of different proteins immobilized on different regions of the NW array. We use NW arrays for on-chip extraction, detection and functional analysis of proteins on a nano-scale platform that holds great promise for performing protein analysis on minute amounts of material. The demonstration made here on highly ordered arrays of indium arsenide (InAs) NWs is generic and can be extended to many high aspect ratio nanostructures.
蛋白质微阵列是蛋白质分析的有价值的工具。将斑点大小从微尺度缩小到纳米尺度有助于平台的小型化，从而减少材料消耗，但在减少荧光信号和与复杂溶液的兼容性方面面临固有挑战。在这里，我们展示了垂直纳米线（NW）阵列可以克服使用纳米阵列进行蛋白质提取和分析的几个瓶颈。NW 的高纵横比导致可用于蛋白质固定化的表面积大，并且不需要 NW 之间的表面钝化。蛋白质的荧光检测允许定量测量和空间分辨率，使我们能够通过几个分析步骤跟踪单个 NW，从而允许对固定在 NW 阵列的不同区域上的不同蛋白质进行多重检测。我们使用 NW 阵列在纳米级平台上进行蛋白质的片上提取、检测和功能分析，该平台在对微量材料进行蛋白质分析方面具有很大的应用前景。这里对砷化铟（InAs）NW 高度有序阵列的演示是通用的，可以扩展到许多高纵横比的纳米结构。
