School of Sport and Recreation, AUT University , Auckland, NZ.
J Sports Sci Med. 2008 Sep 1;7(3):320-6. eCollection 2008.
There is a paucity of evidence regarding the use of injury prevention programmes for preadolescents participating in sport. "The 11 "injury prevention programme was developed by FIFA's medical research centre (F-MARC) to help reduce the risk of injury in football players aged 14 years and over. The aim of this study was to determine the suitability and effectiveness of "The 11 "for younger football players. Twenty-four [12 experimental (EXP), 12 control (CON)] young football players (age 10.4 ± 1.4 yr) participated. The EXP group followed "The 11 "training programme 5 days per week, for 6 weeks, completing all but one of the 10 exercises. Prior to, and after the intervention, both EXP and CON groups performed a battery of football-specific physical tests. Changes in performance scores within each group were compared using independent t-tests (p ≤ 0.05). Feedback was also gathered on the young players' perceptions of "The 11". No injuries occurred during the study in either group. Compliance to the intervention was 72%. Measures of leg power (3 step jump and counter-movement jump) increased significantly (3.4 and 6.0% respectively, p < 0.05). Speed over 20 m improved by 2% (p < 0.05). Most players considered "The 11 "beneficial but not enjoyable in the prescribed format. Given the observed improvements in the physical abilities and the perceived benefits of "The 11", it would appear that a modified version of the programme is appropriate and should be included in the training of young football players, for both physical development and potential injury prevention purposes, as well as to promote fair play. To further engage young football players in such a programme, some modification to "The 11 "should be considered. Key pointsChildren who participate in recreational and competitive sports, especially football, are susceptible to injury.There is a need for the design and assessment of injury prevention programmes for children.The 11 "improves essential physical performance characteristics and has the potential to reduce the risk of injury.It may be prudent to implement a 'child-friendly' version of "The 11", to enhance long-term programme adherence and to ensure progressive physical development of players.
关于预防青少年参与运动损伤的方案，目前相关证据有限。国际足球联合会医学研究中心（F-MARC）开发了“11 项损伤预防方案”，以帮助减少 14 岁及以上足球运动员的受伤风险。本研究旨在确定“11 项方案”对年轻足球运动员的适用性和有效性。24 名（12 名实验组（EXP），12 名对照组（CON））年轻足球运动员（年龄 10.4±1.4 岁）参与了本研究。实验组每周进行 5 天“11 项方案”训练，共完成了 10 项练习中的 9 项。在干预前后，EXP 组和 CON 组均进行了一系列足球专项体能测试。采用独立 t 检验（p≤0.05）比较每组内的表现评分变化。还收集了年轻球员对“11 项方案”的看法。研究过程中，两组均未发生任何损伤。干预措施的依从性为 72%。腿部力量测量值（3 步跳和反跳）分别显著增加了 3.4%和 6.0%（p<0.05）。20m 速度提高了 2%（p<0.05）。大多数球员认为“11 项方案”虽然在规定格式下有益但并不愉快。鉴于观察到的体能能力提高和对“11 项方案”的感知益处，似乎可以对该方案进行修改，以便将其纳入年轻足球运动员的训练中，以促进身体发育和潜在的损伤预防，同时促进公平竞争。为了使年轻足球运动员进一步参与该方案，应考虑对“11 项方案”进行一些修改。要点：参与娱乐和竞技运动（尤其是足球）的儿童容易受伤。需要设计和评估针对儿童的损伤预防方案。“11 项方案”可提高基本的身体表现特征，并有可能降低受伤风险。实施“11 项方案”的“儿童友好型”版本可能是谨慎的做法，以增强长期方案的依从性，并确保球员的身体逐渐发育。
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