Aspetar, Qatar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, P.O. Box 29222, Doha, Qatar.
Mediators Inflamm. 2013;2013:497324. doi: 10.1155/2013/497324. Epub 2013 Oct 21.
Recent studies from the Gulf region suggest that compared to men, women have a greater risk of developing metabolic syndrome (MeS).
To investigate gender differences in body composition, adipokines, inflammatory markers, and aerobic fitness in a cohort of healthy Qatari adults. Participants. Healthy Qatari (n = 58) were matched for age, gender, and body mass index.
Body composition and regional fat distribution were determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and computerized tomography. Laboratory assessments included serum levels of fasting glucose, insulin, lipid profile analysis, adipokines, and inflammatory markers. Subjects were also evaluated for aerobic fitness.
Women had more adipose tissue in the total abdominal (P = 0.04) and abdominal subcutaneous (P = 0.07) regions compared to men. Waist circumference and indices of insulin sensitivity were similar; however, women had a more favourable lipid profile than men. Serum adiponectin and leptin levels were significantly higher in women, whereas inflammatory profiles were not different between men and women. Aerobic fitness was lower in women and was associated with abdominal fat accumulation.
In premenopausal women, higher levels of adiponectin may support maintenance of insulin sensitivity and normolipidemia despite greater adiposity. However, poor aerobic fitness combined with abdominal fat accumulation may explain their greater future risk of MeS compared with men.
研究卡塔尔健康成年人队列中，性别差异对体成分、脂肪因子、炎症标志物和有氧适能的影响。
健康卡塔尔人（n=58）按年龄、性别和体重指数匹配。
双能 X 射线吸收法和计算机断层扫描用于确定身体成分和局部脂肪分布。实验室评估包括空腹血糖、胰岛素、血脂分析、脂肪因子和炎症标志物的血清水平。还对受试者的有氧适能进行了评估。
与男性相比，女性腹部（P=0.04）和腹部皮下（P=0.07）总脂肪量更多。腰围和胰岛素敏感性指数相似；然而，女性的血脂指数比男性更有利。女性的血清脂联素和瘦素水平显著更高，而男性和女性的炎症特征没有差异。女性的有氧适能较低，与腹部脂肪堆积有关。
在绝经前女性中，较高水平的脂联素可能有助于维持胰岛素敏感性和正常脂质水平，尽管脂肪量较多。然而，较差的有氧适能加上腹部脂肪堆积，可能解释了与男性相比，她们未来患代谢综合征的风险更高。
