Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom.
PLoS One. 2013 Nov 27;8(11):e80864. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080864. eCollection 2013.
The Framework Convention of Tobacco Control (FCTC) provides a basis for nation states to limit the political effects of tobacco industry philanthropy, yet progress in this area is limited. This paper aims to integrate the findings of previous studies on tobacco industry philanthropy with a new analysis of British American Tobacco's (BAT) record of charitable giving to develop a general model of corporate political philanthropy that can be used to facilitate implementation of the FCTC.
Analysis of previously confidential industry documents, BAT social and stakeholder dialogue reports, and existing tobacco industry document studies on philanthropy.
The analysis identified six broad ways in which tobacco companies have used philanthropy politically: developing constituencies to build support for policy positions and generate third party advocacy; weakening opposing political constituencies; facilitating access and building relationships with policymakers; creating direct leverage with policymakers by providing financial subsidies to specific projects; enhancing the donor's status as a source of credible information; and shaping the tobacco control agenda by shifting thinking on the importance of regulating the market environment for tobacco and the relative risks of smoking for population health. Contemporary BAT social and stakeholder reports contain numerous examples of charitable donations that are likely to be designed to shape the tobacco control agenda, secure access and build constituencies.
Tobacco companies' political use of charitable donations underlines the need for tobacco industry philanthropy to be restricted via full implementation of Articles 5.3 and 13 of the FCTC. The model of tobacco industry philanthropy developed in this study can be used by public health advocates to press for implementation of the FCTC and provides a basis for analysing the political effects of charitable giving in other industry sectors which have an impact on public health such as alcohol and food.
《烟草控制框架公约》（FCTC）为国家限制烟草业慈善事业的政治影响提供了依据，但在这方面的进展有限。本文旨在将先前关于烟草业慈善事业的研究结果与英美烟草公司（BAT）慈善捐赠记录的新分析相结合，提出一个通用的企业政治慈善模式，以促进《烟草控制框架公约》的实施。
对先前保密的行业文件、英美烟草公司的社会和利益相关者对话报告，以及关于慈善事业的现有烟草业文件研究进行分析。
分析确定了烟草公司在政治上利用慈善事业的六种广泛方式：发展支持政策立场和开展第三方宣传的支持者群体；削弱反对的政治支持者群体；为政策制定者提供便利并建立关系；通过为特定项目提供财政补贴与政策制定者建立直接的影响力；通过提供有关监管烟草市场环境和吸烟对人口健康相对风险的可信信息，提高捐赠者的地位；通过改变对监管烟草市场环境和吸烟对人口健康相对风险的重要性的看法，塑造烟草控制议程。英美烟草公司当代的社会和利益相关者报告包含了许多慈善捐赠的例子，这些捐赠很可能旨在塑造烟草控制议程，确保准入并建立支持者群体。
烟草公司对慈善捐赠的政治利用突显了需要通过全面执行《烟草控制框架公约》第 5.3 条和第 13 条来限制烟草业的慈善事业。本研究中提出的烟草业慈善模式可以被公共卫生倡导者用来推动《烟草控制框架公约》的实施，并为分析对公共卫生有影响的其他行业（如酒精和食品）的慈善捐赠的政治影响提供了基础。
