Mohammadian Mozhdeh, Shamsasenjan Karim, Lotfi Nezhad Parisa, Talebi Mehdi, Jahedi Mehdi, Nickkhah Hossein, Minayi Neda, Movassagh Pour Aliakbar
Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Adv Pharm Bull. 2013;3(2):433-7. doi: 10.5681/apb.2013.070. Epub 2013 Aug 20.
MSCs are multipotent progenitors which reside in bone marrow. They support hematopoietic stem cells homing, self renewal and differentiation in bone marrow. They can also differentiate into osteoblasts, adipocytes, chondrocytes, myocyates and many other tissues. In vivo, when trauma happens, MSCs operate cell renewal and migrate to the damaged tissues to regenerate that injury. In vitro, MSCs are able to proliferate and differentiate to a variety of cell lineages. This makes them a very hopeful tool for cell-based regenerative therapy for large bone defects, maxillofacial skeletal reconstruction, cardiovascular and spinal cord injury and so many other defects. The most important characteristic that make MSCs an excellent tool for cell replacement is their ability to escape from immune rejection. For therapeutic purposes they usually isolated from human bone marrow or fat and they should proliferate in order to reach an adequate number for implantation. Conventionally DMEM medium supplemented with 10% FBS is used for their expansion, but currently autologous platelet rich products are replaced FBS. Platelet granules contain so many growth factors that can support MSCs proliferation.
间充质干细胞是存在于骨髓中的多能祖细胞。它们支持造血干细胞归巢、自我更新以及在骨髓中的分化。它们还能分化为成骨细胞、脂肪细胞、软骨细胞、肌细胞和许多其他组织。在体内，当发生创伤时，间充质干细胞进行细胞更新并迁移至受损组织以修复损伤。在体外，间充质干细胞能够增殖并分化为多种细胞谱系。这使其成为用于大骨缺损、颌面骨骼重建、心血管和脊髓损伤等诸多缺损的基于细胞的再生治疗的非常有前景的工具。使间充质干细胞成为细胞替代的优良工具的最重要特征是它们逃避免疫排斥的能力。出于治疗目的，它们通常从人骨髓或脂肪中分离出来，并且它们需要增殖以达到足够数量用于植入。传统上使用补充有10%胎牛血清的DMEM培养基来扩增它们，但目前富含自体血小板的产品正在替代胎牛血清。血小板颗粒含有许多能够支持间充质干细胞增殖的生长因子。
