Bel-Serrat S, Mouratidou T, Huybrechts I, Cuenca-García M, Manios Y, Gómez-Martínez S, Molnár D, Kafatos A, Gottrand F, Widhalm K, Sjöström M, Wästlund A, Stehle P, Azzini E, Vyncke K, González-Gross M, Moreno L A
8217;Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development' (GENUD) Research Group, Department of Physiatry and Nursery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
1] Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium [2] International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Dietary Exposure Assessment Group (DEX), Lyon, France.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2014 Apr;68(4):464-73. doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2013.284. Epub 2014 Feb 5.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between amino acid (AA) intake and serum lipid profile in European adolescents from eight European cities participating in the cross-sectional (2006-2007) HELENA (Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence) study, and to assess whether this association was independent of total fat intake.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: Diet, skinfold thickness, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), TC/HDL-c ratio, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), apolipoprotein B (Apo B), apolipoprotein A1 (Apo A1) and Apo B/Apo A1 ratio were measured in 454 12.5- to 17.5-year-old adolescents (44% boys). Intake was assessed via two non-consecutive 24-h dietary recalls. Data on maternal education and sedentary behaviors were obtained via questionnaires. Physical activity was objectively measured by accelerometry.
Alanine, arginine, asparaginic acid, glycine, histidine, lysine and serine intakes were inversely associated with serum TG concentrations in both boys and girls. Intake of other AA like alanine and/or arginine was also inversely associated with serum TC, LDL-c and Apo B/Apo A1 ratio only in girls. An inverse association was observed between intakes of alanine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, serine, tryptophan, tyrosine and valine and TC/HDL-c ratio among female adolescents. Similar results were found in males for serine and tryptophan intakes. It is noteworthy, however, that associations were no longer significant in both genders when total fat intake was considered as a confounding factor.
In this sample of adolescents, the association between AA intakes and serum lipid profile did not persist when dietary fat was considered. Therefore, dietary interventions and health promotion activities should focus on fat intake to improve lipid profile and potentially prevent cardiovascular disease.
背景/目的：本研究的目的是调查参与横断面（2006 - 2007年）“青少年营养促进欧洲健康生活方式”（HELENA）研究的来自欧洲八个城市的青少年中，氨基酸（AA）摄入量与血清脂质谱之间的关系，并评估这种关联是否独立于总脂肪摄入量。
对象/方法：对454名12.5至17.5岁的青少年（44%为男孩）进行了饮食、皮褶厚度、甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-c）、TC/HDL-c比值、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-c）、载脂蛋白B（Apo B）、载脂蛋白A1（Apo A1）和Apo B/Apo A1比值的测量。通过两次非连续的24小时饮食回忆法评估摄入量。通过问卷获取母亲教育程度和久坐行为的数据。通过加速度计客观测量身体活动。
丙氨酸、精氨酸、天冬氨酸、甘氨酸、组氨酸、赖氨酸和丝氨酸的摄入量与男孩和女孩的血清TG浓度均呈负相关。其他氨基酸如丙氨酸和/或精氨酸的摄入量仅在女孩中也与血清TC、LDL-c和Apo B/Apo A1比值呈负相关。在女性青少年中，丙氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、蛋氨酸、丝氨酸、色氨酸、酪氨酸和缬氨酸的摄入量与TC/HDL-c比值之间存在负相关。在男性中，丝氨酸和色氨酸的摄入量也有类似结果。然而，值得注意的是，当将总脂肪摄入量视为混杂因素时，两性中的关联均不再显著。
在这个青少年样本中，当考虑饮食脂肪时，AA摄入量与血清脂质谱之间的关联不再持续。因此，饮食干预和健康促进活动应侧重于脂肪摄入量，以改善脂质谱并潜在预防心血管疾病。
