Roudakova Ksenia, Monga Manoj
State University of New York, Downstate, USA.
Stevan Streem Center for Endourology and Stone Disease, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
Indian J Urol. 2014 Jan;30(1):44-8. doi: 10.4103/0970-1591.124206.
The epidemiology of kidney stones is evolving - not only is the prevalence increasing, but also the gender gap has narrowed. What drives these changes? Diet, obesity or environmental factors? This article will review the possible explanations for a shift in the epidemiology, with the hope of gaining a better understanding of the extent to which modifiable risk factors play a role on stone formation and what measures may be undertaken for disease prevention in view of these changing trends.
肾结石的流行病学正在演变——不仅发病率在上升，而且性别差异也在缩小。是什么推动了这些变化？饮食、肥胖还是环境因素？本文将回顾对流行病学转变的可能解释，以期更好地了解可改变的风险因素在结石形成中所起的作用程度，以及鉴于这些变化趋势可采取哪些疾病预防措施。
