Aix Marseille Université, URMITE, UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, Inserm 1095, Marseille, France.
CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Enzymologie Interfaciale et Physiologie de la Lipolyse, UMR 7282, 31 chemin Joseph Aiguier, Marseille, France.
Nutr Diabetes. 2014 Feb 24;4(2):e109. doi: 10.1038/nutd.2014.6.
Some Lactobacillus species are associated with obesity and weight gain while others are associated with weight loss. Lactobacillus spp. and bifidobacteria represent a major bacterial population of the small intestine where lipids and simple carbohydrates are absorbed, particularly in the duodenum and jejunum. The objective of this study was to identify Lactobacillus spp. proteins involved in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism associated with weight modifications.
We examined a total of 13 complete genomes belonging to seven different Lactobacillus spp. previously associated with weight gain or weight protection. We combined the data obtained from the Rapid Annotation using Subsystem Technology, Batch CD-Search and Gene Ontology to classify gene function in each genome.
We observed major differences between the two groups of genomes. Weight gain-associated Lactobacillus spp. appear to lack enzymes involved in the catabolism of fructose, defense against oxidative stress and the synthesis of dextrin, L-rhamnose and acetate. Weight protection-associated Lactobacillus spp. encoded a significant gene amount of glucose permease. Regarding lipid metabolism, thiolases were only encoded in the genome of weight gain-associated Lactobacillus spp. In addition, we identified 18 different types of bacteriocins in the studied genomes, and weight gain-associated Lactobacillus spp. encoded more bacteriocins than weight protection-associated Lactobacillus spp.
The results of this study revealed that weight protection-associated Lactobacillus spp. have developed defense mechanisms for enhanced glycolysis and defense against oxidative stress. Weight gain-associated Lactobacillus spp. possess a limited ability to breakdown fructose or glucose and might reduce ileal brake effects.
某些乳杆菌物种与肥胖和体重增加有关，而其他乳杆菌物种与体重减轻有关。乳杆菌属和双歧杆菌是小肠中主要的细菌种群，脂质和简单碳水化合物在那里被吸收，特别是在十二指肠和空肠。本研究的目的是确定与体重变化相关的参与碳水化合物和脂质代谢的乳杆菌属蛋白。
我们共检查了 13 个完整的基因组，这些基因组属于以前与体重增加或体重保护相关的七个不同的乳杆菌属。我们将来自快速利用亚系统技术（Rapid Annotation using Subsystem Technology）、批次 CD 搜索（Batch CD-Search）和基因本体论（Gene Ontology）的数据相结合，对每个基因组中的基因功能进行分类。
我们观察到两组基因组之间存在显著差异。与体重增加相关的乳杆菌属似乎缺乏参与果糖分解代谢、氧化应激防御和糊精、L-鼠李糖和乙酸合成的酶。与体重保护相关的乳杆菌属编码了大量的葡萄糖渗透酶。关于脂质代谢，硫解酶仅在与体重增加相关的乳杆菌属基因组中被编码。此外，我们在研究的基因组中鉴定了 18 种不同类型的细菌素，与体重增加相关的乳杆菌属编码的细菌素比与体重保护相关的乳杆菌属多。
本研究结果表明，与体重保护相关的乳杆菌属已经发展出增强糖酵解和氧化应激防御的防御机制。与体重增加相关的乳杆菌属分解果糖或葡萄糖的能力有限，可能会降低回肠制动效应。
