Suarez Paola A, Gollan Tamar H, Heaton Robert, Grant Igor, Cherner Mariana
San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, California.
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California.
J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2014 Mar;20(3):342-348. doi: 10.1017/S1355617714000058.
Studies have shown reduced Stroop interference in bilinguals compared to monolinguals defined dichotomously, but no study has explored how varying degrees of second language fluency, might affect linguistic inhibitory control in the first language. We examined effects of relative English fluency on the ability to inhibit the automatic reading response on the Golden version of the Stroop Test administered in Spanish. Participants were 141 (49% male) adult native Spanish speakers from the U.S.-Mexico border region (education range = 8-20 and age range = 20-63). A language dominance index was calculated as the ratio of English words to total words produced in both languages using the Controlled Oral Word Association Test with letters PMR in Spanish and FAS in English. Greater degree of English fluency as measured by the dominance index predicted better speed on the Stroop incongruent trial independent of education effects. On the other hand, neither the dominance index nor education predicted performance on the word reading and color-naming trials. These results suggest an advantage in inhibitory control among those with greater second-language ability.
研究表明，与单语者相比，双语者的斯特鲁普干扰效应降低（以二分法定义），但尚无研究探讨不同程度的第二语言流利程度如何影响第一语言的语言抑制控制。我们研究了相对英语流利程度对在西班牙语版斯特鲁普测试黄金版中抑制自动阅读反应能力的影响。参与者是来自美墨边境地区的141名（49%为男性）成年西班牙语母语者（受教育年限范围为8 - 20年，年龄范围为20 - 63岁）。使用西班牙语字母PMR和英语字母FAS的受控口语单词联想测试，计算语言优势指数，即英语单词与两种语言中产生的总单词数的比率。通过优势指数衡量的更高程度的英语流利程度预示着在斯特鲁普不一致试验中速度更快，且不受教育效应影响。另一方面，优势指数和教育程度均无法预测单词阅读和颜色命名试验的表现。这些结果表明，第二语言能力较强者在抑制控制方面具有优势。
