Department of Sports Medicine, Research Center of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2014 Apr 1;15:114. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-15-114.
Porous biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) ceramics exhibit good biocompatibility and bone conduction but are not inherently osteoinductive. To overcome this disadvantage, we coated conventional porous BCP ceramics with nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA). nHA was chosen as a coating material due to its high osteoinductive potential.
We used a hydrothermal deposition method to coat conventional porous BCP ceramics with nHA and assessed the effects of the coating on the physical and mechanical properties of the underlying BCP. Next, its effects on mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) attachment, proliferation, viability, and osteogenic differentiation were investigated.
nHA formed a deposited layer on the BCP surface, and synthesized nHA had a rod-like shape with lengths ranging from ~50-200 nm and diameters from ~15-30 mm. The nHA coating did not significantly affect the density, porosity, flexural strength, or compressive strength of the underlying BCP (P > 0.1). Scanning electron microscopy showed MSC attachment to the scaffolds, with a healthy morphology and anchorage to nHA crystals via cytoplasmic processes. The densities of MSCs attached on BCP and nHA-coated BCP scaffolds were 62 ± 26 cells/mm2 and 63 ± 27 cells/mm2 (P > 0.1), respectively, after 1 day and 415 ± 62 cells/mm2 and 541 ± 35 cells/mm2 (P < 0.05) respectively, after 14 days. According to an MTT assay, MSC viability was higher on nHA-coated BCP scaffolds than on BCP scaffolds (P < 0.05). In addition, MSCs on nHA-coated BCP scaffolds produced more alkaline phosphatase, collagen type I, and osteocalcin than MSCs on BCP scaffolds (P < 0.05).
Our results demonstrate that BCP scaffolds coated with nHA were more conducive for MSC adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation than conventional, uncoated BCP scaffolds, indicating that nHA coating can enhance the osteoinductive potential of BCP ceramics, making this material more suitable for applications in bone tissue engineering.
多孔双相磷酸钙（BCP）陶瓷具有良好的生物相容性和骨传导性，但本身并不具有成骨性。为了克服这一缺点，我们将传统多孔 BCP 陶瓷用纳米羟基磷灰石（nHA）进行了涂层处理。由于其具有较高的成骨诱导潜力，因此选择 nHA 作为涂层材料。
我们使用水热沉积法将 nHA 涂覆在传统多孔 BCP 陶瓷上，并评估了涂层对基础 BCP 物理和机械性能的影响。接下来，研究了其对间充质干细胞（MSC）黏附、增殖、活力和成骨分化的影响。
nHA 在 BCP 表面形成了一层沉积层，合成的 nHA 呈棒状，长度在50-200nm 之间，直径在15-30nm 之间。nHA 涂层对基础 BCP 的密度、孔隙率、抗弯强度和抗压强度没有显著影响（P > 0.1）。扫描电子显微镜显示 MSC 附着在支架上，细胞形态健康，并通过细胞质突起附着在 nHA 晶体上。在第 1 天，分别有 62 ± 26 个细胞/mm2 和 63 ± 27 个细胞/mm2 的 MSC 附着在 BCP 和 nHA 涂层 BCP 支架上（P > 0.1），在第 14 天，分别有 415 ± 62 个细胞/mm2 和 541 ± 35 个细胞/mm2 的 MSC 附着在 BCP 和 nHA 涂层 BCP 支架上（P < 0.05）。根据 MTT 测定，nHA 涂层 BCP 支架上的 MSC 活力高于 BCP 支架上的 MSC 活力（P < 0.05）。此外，与 BCP 支架上的 MSC 相比，nHA 涂层 BCP 支架上的 MSC 产生了更多的碱性磷酸酶、I 型胶原和骨钙素（P < 0.05）。
我们的结果表明，与传统的未涂层 BCP 支架相比，用 nHA 涂层的 BCP 支架更有利于 MSC 的黏附、增殖和成骨分化，这表明 nHA 涂层可以增强 BCP 陶瓷的成骨诱导潜力，使其更适合于骨组织工程应用。
