Richter Claus-Peter, Tan Xiaodong
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology, 303 E. Chicago Ave, Searle 12-561, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Tech E310, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; The Hugh Knowles Center, Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology, 303 E. Chicago Ave, Searle 12-561, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Hear Res. 2014 May;311:72-88. doi: 10.1016/j.heares.2014.03.008. Epub 2014 Apr 4.
Methods to control neural activity by light have been introduced to the field of neuroscience. During the last decade, several techniques have been established, including optogenetics, thermogenetics, and infrared neural stimulation. The techniques allow investigators to turn-on or turn-off neural activity. This review is an attempt to show the importance of the techniques for the auditory field and provide insight in the similarities, overlap, and differences of the techniques. Discussing the mechanism of each of the techniques will shed light on the abilities and challenges for each of the techniques. The field has been grown tremendously and a review cannot be complete. However, efforts are made to summarize the important points and to refer the reader to excellent papers and reviews to specific topics. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled <Annual Reviews 2014>.
通过光来控制神经活动的方法已被引入神经科学领域。在过去十年中，已经建立了几种技术，包括光遗传学、热遗传学和红外神经刺激。这些技术使研究人员能够开启或关闭神经活动。本综述旨在展示这些技术对听觉领域的重要性，并深入了解这些技术的异同和重叠之处。讨论每种技术的机制将有助于阐明每种技术的能力和挑战。该领域发展迅速，一篇综述不可能面面俱到。然而，我们努力总结要点，并引导读者参考有关特定主题的优秀论文和综述。本文是名为《2014年年度评论》特刊的一部分。
