Genome Med. 2014 Feb 27;6(2):12. doi: 10.1186/gm529.
Although gain of oncogene functions and loss of tumor suppressor functions are driving forces in tumor development, the tumor microenvironment, comprising the extracellular matrix, surrounding stroma, signaling molecules and infiltrating immune and other cell populations, is now also recognized as crucial to tumor development and metastasis. Many interactions at the tumor cell-environment interface occur at the protein level. Proteomic approaches are contributing to the definition of the protein constituents of the microenvironment and their sources, modifications, interactions and turnover, as well as providing information on how these features relate to tumor development and progression. Recently, proteomic studies have revealed how cancer cells modulate the microenvironment through their secreted proteins and how they can alter their protein constituents to adapt to the microenvironment. Moreover, the release of proteins from the microenvironment into the circulatory system has relevance for the development of blood-based cancer diagnostics. Here, we review how proteomic approaches are being applied to studies of the tumor microenvironment to decipher tumor-stroma interactions and to elucidate the role of host cells in the tumor microenvironment.
尽管癌基因功能获得和肿瘤抑制基因功能丧失是肿瘤发展的驱动力，但肿瘤微环境（包括细胞外基质、周围基质、信号分子以及浸润的免疫和其他细胞群）对于肿瘤的发展和转移也被认为至关重要。肿瘤细胞与环境界面的许多相互作用都发生在蛋白质水平上。蛋白质组学方法有助于确定微环境的蛋白质成分及其来源、修饰、相互作用和周转，以及提供有关这些特征与肿瘤发展和进展的关系的信息。最近，蛋白质组学研究揭示了癌细胞如何通过其分泌的蛋白质来调节微环境，以及它们如何改变自身的蛋白质成分以适应微环境。此外，微环境中的蛋白质释放到循环系统中与开发基于血液的癌症诊断具有相关性。在这里，我们综述了蛋白质组学方法如何应用于肿瘤微环境的研究，以解析肿瘤-基质相互作用，并阐明宿主细胞在肿瘤微环境中的作用。
