Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109-1024.
Radiat Res. 2014 May;181(5):521-30. doi: 10.1667/RR13586.1. Epub 2014 Apr 10.
In the event of a nuclear incident in a heavily populated area, the surge in demand for medical evaluation will likely overwhelm our emergency care system, compromising our ability to care for victims with life-threatening injuries or exposures. Therefore, there exists a need for a rapidly deployable biological assay for radiation exposure that can be performed in the field by individuals with little to no medical training. Saliva is an attractive biofluid for this purpose, due to the relative ease of its collection and the wide array of biomolecules it contains. To determine whether the human salivary proteome is responsive to ionizing radiation exposure, we characterized the abundances of salivary proteins in humans before and after total body irradiation. Using an assay panel targeting 90 analytes (growth factors, chemokines and cytokines), we identified proteins that were significantly radiation responsive in human saliva. The responses of three proteins (monocyte chemo-attractant protein 1, interleukin 8 and intercellular adhesion molecule 1) were confirmed using independent immunoassay platforms and then verified and further characterized in 130 saliva samples from a completely independent set of 38 patients undergoing total body irradiation. The results demonstrate the potential for detecting radiation exposure based on analysis of human saliva.
在人口密集地区发生核事故的情况下，对医疗评估的需求激增，可能会使我们的紧急护理系统不堪重负，从而影响我们对有生命威胁的伤员或辐射暴露者的护理能力。因此，我们需要一种可快速部署的辐射暴露生物检测方法，以便未经医学培训的个人在现场进行操作。唾液是一种很有吸引力的生物流体，因为其采集相对容易，并且包含广泛的生物分子。为了确定人类唾液蛋白质组是否对电离辐射暴露有反应，我们在全身照射前后对人类唾液中的蛋白质丰度进行了特征分析。使用针对 90 种分析物（生长因子、趋化因子和细胞因子）的检测试剂盒，我们确定了在人类唾液中对辐射有明显反应的蛋白质。使用独立的免疫测定平台验证并进一步表征了三种蛋白质（单核细胞趋化蛋白 1、白细胞介素 8 和细胞间黏附分子 1）的反应，然后在 38 名接受全身照射的完全独立的 130 名患者的唾液样本中进行了验证。结果表明，基于对人唾液的分析，有检测辐射暴露的可能性。
