Zarshenas Mohammad M, Khademian Sedigheh, Moein Mahmoodreza
Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz, Iran ; Essence of Parsiyan Wisdom Institute, Traditional Medicine and Medicinal Plant Incubator, Shiraz, Iran ; Research Office for the History of Persian Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2014 Mar;18(2):142-9. doi: 10.4103/2230-8210.129103.
Diabetes Mellitus is a common metabolic disorder presenting increased amounts of serum glucose and will cover 5.4% of population by year 2025. Accordingly, this review was performed to gather and discuss the stand points on diagnosis, pathophysiology, non-pharmacological therapy and drug management of diabetes this disorder as described in medieval Persian medicine. To this, reports on diabetes were collected and analyzed from selected medical and pharmaceutical textbooks of Traditional Persian Medicine. A search on databases as Pubmed, Sciencedirect, Scopus and Google scholar was also performed to reconfirm the Anti diabetic activities of reported herbs. The term, Ziabites, was used to describe what is now spoken as diabetes. It was reported that Ziabites, is highly associated with kidney function. Etiologically, Ziabites was characterized as kidney hot or cold dystemperament as well as diffusion of fluid from other organs such as liver and intestines into the kidneys. This disorder was categorized into main types as hot (Ziabites-e-har) and cold (Ziabites-e-barid) as well as sweet urine (Bole-e-shirin). Most medieval cite signs of Ziabites were remarked as unusual and excessive thirst, frequent urination and polydipsia. On the management, life style modification and observing the essential rules of prevention in Persian medicine as well as herbal therapy and special simple manipulations were recommended. Current investigation was done to clarify the knowledge of medieval scientists on diabetes and related interventions. Reported remedies which are based on centuries of experience might be of beneficial for- further studies to the management of diabetes.
糖尿病是一种常见的代谢紊乱疾病，表现为血清葡萄糖含量升高，到2025年将覆盖5.4%的人口。因此，本综述旨在收集和讨论中世纪波斯医学中关于该疾病的诊断、病理生理学、非药物治疗和药物管理的观点。为此，从波斯传统医学的选定医学和药学教科书中收集并分析了有关糖尿病的报告。还在PubMed、ScienceDirect、Scopus和谷歌学术等数据库上进行了搜索，以再次确认所报道草药的抗糖尿病活性。“Ziabites”一词用于描述现在所说的糖尿病。据报道，Ziabites与肾功能高度相关。从病因学上讲，Ziabites的特征是肾热或肾寒体质，以及液体从肝脏和肠道等其他器官扩散到肾脏。这种疾病主要分为热型（Ziabites-e-har）、冷型（Ziabites-e-barid）和甜尿型（Bole-e-shirin）。大多数中世纪文献中提到的Ziabites的症状是异常口渴、尿频和多饮。在治疗方面，建议改变生活方式，遵守波斯医学中的基本预防规则，以及采用草药疗法和特殊的简单手法。目前的研究旨在阐明中世纪科学家对糖尿病及相关干预措施的认识。基于数百年经验的所报道的疗法可能对糖尿病管理的进一步研究有益。
