Zarshenas Mohammad M, Petramfar Peyman, Firoozabadi Ali, Moein Mahmood Reza, Mohagheghzadeh Abdolali
Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Shiraz, Iran ; Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Pharmacogn Rev. 2013 Jan;7(13):17-26. doi: 10.4103/0973-7847.112835.
The history of headache, as a common neurological complication, goes back to almost 9000 years ago. Many ancient civilizations present references to headaches and the coherent treatment strategies. Accordingly, several documents comprising headache complications embodying precise medical information stem from Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM) that can provide useful opportunities for more comprehensive treatment. We conducted a survey on headache through original important pharmacopeias and other important medical manuscripts of TPM which were written during 9(th) to 19(th) centuries and have derived all headache categories and herbal remedies. An extensive search of scientific data banks, such as Medline and Scopus, has also been exercised to find results relating to the anti-inflammatory, anti-nociceptive, and analgesic effects of denoted medicinal herbs. The concept of headache and treatments in TPM covers over 20 various types of headache and more than 160 different medicinal plants administered for oral, topical, and nasal application according to 1000 years of the subject documents. Nearly, 60% of remarked medicinal herbs have related anti-inflammatory or analgesic effects and some current headache types have similarities and conformities to those of traditional types. Beside historical approaches, there are many possible and available strategies that can lead to development of new and effective headache treatment from medicinal plants so that this study can provide beneficial information on clinical remedies based on centuries of experience in the field of headache which can stand as a new candidate for further investigations.
头痛作为一种常见的神经并发症，其历史可追溯到近9000年前。许多古代文明都提及了头痛及相应的治疗策略。因此，一些包含头痛并发症且体现精确医学信息的文献源于传统波斯医学（TPM），这可为更全面的治疗提供有益契机。我们通过9世纪至19世纪期间撰写的TPM原始重要药典及其他重要医学手稿对头痛进行了调查，并梳理出了所有头痛类别及草药疗法。我们还广泛检索了科学数据库，如Medline和Scopus，以查找与指定草药的抗炎、抗伤害感受和镇痛作用相关的结果。根据长达1000年的相关文献，TPM中头痛的概念及治疗涵盖了20多种不同类型的头痛以及160多种不同的药用植物，这些植物可用于口服、局部和鼻腔给药。近60%的所述药用植物具有相关的抗炎或镇痛作用，且一些当前的头痛类型与传统类型存在相似性和一致性。除了历史方法外，还有许多可行的策略可用于从药用植物开发新的有效头痛治疗方法，因此本研究可为基于头痛领域数百年经验的临床治疗提供有益信息，这可作为进一步研究的新候选方向。
