Magnavita Nicola
Department of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy,
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2015 Feb;88(2):185-96. doi: 10.1007/s00420-014-0952-7. Epub 2014 Jun 12.
People who work indoors often manifest symptoms related to the work environment. Sick building syndrome (SBS) is a condition closely associated with sealed, air-conditioned workplaces and is especially frequent in countries with a cold climate. However, it is also present in Mediterranean countries where artificial ventilation accompanies the natural one. The significance of personal factors, air quality perception, and psychosocial work conditions in relation to SBS and other work-related symptoms needs to be clarified.
Workers from 28 companies in the Latium region of Italy were invited to answer a questionnaire during their routine medical examination at the workplace. A total of 4,029 out of 4,129 took part in the survey, giving a response rate of 97.6 %.
A high percentage of workers (31.9 %) reported symptoms related to work, and two-thirds of the employees (65.4 %) complained of environmental problems. In logistic regression models, personal factors (gender, smoking habit, age, and atopy), anxiety and depression, environmental discomfort and job strain were associated both with symptoms of SBS and other work-related symptoms. There was a significant association between the perception of stuffy air, dry air, and electricity and cases of SBS. Some associations between symptoms and the work environment lacked biological plausibility.
The occupational physician's task is to systematically monitor workers' symptoms and their perception of the work environment in order to analyze this relationship and indicates the best mode of preventing illness/discomfort. This paper provides a method and reference values.
在室内工作的人常常表现出与工作环境相关的症状。病态建筑综合征（SBS）与密封的空调工作场所密切相关，在气候寒冷的国家尤为常见。然而，在地中海国家也存在这种情况，那里人工通风与自然通风并存。个人因素、空气质量感知和心理社会工作条件与SBS及其他与工作相关症状之间的关系需要加以阐明。
邀请意大利拉齐奥地区28家公司的工人在其工作场所进行常规体检时回答一份问卷。在4129名工人中，共有4029人参与了调查，回复率为97.6%。
很大比例的工人（31.9%）报告了与工作相关的症状，三分之二的员工（65.4%）抱怨存在环境问题。在逻辑回归模型中，个人因素（性别、吸烟习惯、年龄和特应性）、焦虑和抑郁、环境不适和工作压力与SBS症状及其他与工作相关的症状均有关联。闷热空气、干燥空气和电气方面的感知与SBS病例之间存在显著关联。症状与工作环境之间的一些关联缺乏生物学合理性。
职业医生的任务是系统地监测工人的症状及其对工作环境的感知，以便分析这种关系并指出预防疾病/不适的最佳方式。本文提供了一种方法和参考值。
