在家中被动吸烟是老年人社区获得性肺炎的一个危险因素：一项基于人群的病例对照研究。
Passive smoking at home is a risk factor for community-acquired pneumonia in older adults: a population-based case-control study.
作者信息
Almirall Jordi, Serra-Prat Mateu, Bolíbar Ignasi, Palomera Elisabet, Roig Jordi, Hospital Imma, Carandell Eugenia, Agustí Mercè, Ayuso Pilar, Estela Andreu, Torres Antoni
机构信息
Critical Care Unit, Hospital de Mataró, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES, Barcelona, Spain.
Research Unit, Hospital de Mataró, CIBEREHD, Barcelona, Spain.
出版信息
BMJ Open. 2014 Jun 13;4(6):e005133. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005133.
OBJECTIVE
To assess whether passive smoking exposure at home is a risk factor for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in adults.
SETTING
A population-based case-control study was designed in a Mediterranean area with 860 000 inhabitants >14 years of age.
PARTICIPANTS
1003 participants who had never smoked were recruited.
PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES
Risk factors for CAP, including home exposure to passive smoking, were registered. All new cases of CAP in a well-defined population were consecutively recruited during a 12-month period.
METHODS
A population-based case-control study was designed to assess risk factors for CAP, including home exposure to passive smoking. All new cases of CAP in a well-defined population were consecutively recruited during a 12-month period. The subgroup of never smokers was selected for the present analysis.
RESULTS
The study sample included 471 patients with CAP and 532 controls who had never smoked. The annual incidence of CAP was estimated to be 1.14 cases×10(-3) inhabitants in passive smokers and 0.90×10(-3) in non-passive smokers (risk ratio (RR) 1.26; 95% CI 1.02 to 1.55) in the whole sample. In participants ≥65 years of age, this incidence was 2.50×10(-3) in passive smokers and 1.69×10(-3) in non-passive smokers (RR 1.48, 95% CI 1.08 to 2.03). In this last age group, the percentage of passive smokers in cases and controls was 26% and 18.1%, respectively (p=0.039), with a crude OR of 1.59 (95% CI 1.02 to 2.38) and an adjusted (by age and sex) OR of 1.56 (95% CI 1.00 to 2.45).
CONCLUSIONS
Passive smoking at home is a risk factor for CAP in older adults (65 years or more).
目的
评估在家中接触二手烟是否为成人社区获得性肺炎（CAP）的危险因素。
背景
在一个有86万14岁以上居民的地中海地区开展了一项基于人群的病例对照研究。
参与者
招募了1003名从不吸烟的参与者。
主要和次要结局指标
记录CAP的危险因素，包括在家中接触二手烟的情况。在12个月期间连续招募了明确人群中所有新的CAP病例。
方法
设计了一项基于人群的病例对照研究，以评估CAP的危险因素，包括在家中接触二手烟的情况。在12个月期间连续招募了明确人群中所有新的CAP病例。本分析选取从不吸烟者亚组。
结果
研究样本包括471例CAP患者和532名从不吸烟的对照者。在整个样本中，估计被动吸烟者中CAP的年发病率为1.14例×10⁻³居民，非被动吸烟者为0.90×10⁻³（风险比（RR）1.26；95%可信区间1.02至1.55）。在年龄≥65岁的参与者中，被动吸烟者的发病率为2.50×10⁻³，非被动吸烟者为1.69×10⁻³（RR 1.48，95%可信区间1.08至2.03）。在这一年龄组中，病例组和对照组中被动吸烟者的比例分别为26%和18.1%（p = 0.039），粗比值比为1.59（95%可信区间1.02至2.38），经年龄和性别调整后的比值比为1.56（95%可信区间1.00至2.45）。
结论
在家中接触二手烟是老年人（65岁及以上）患CAP的危险因素。
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