Dos Banhos Elissandro Fonseca, de Souza Antonia Queiroz Lima, de Andrade Juliano Camurça, de Souza Afonso Duarte Leão, Koolen Hector Henrique Ferreira, Albuquerque Patrícia Melchionna
Programa de Biologia Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará Campus Rondon, SantarémPA Brazil.
Laboratório de Genética Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Recursos Naturais da Amazônia Escola de Ciências da Saúde Universidade do Estado do Amazonas ManausAM Brazil.
Braz J Microbiol. 2014 Apr 11;45(1):153-61. doi: 10.1590/S1517-83822014005000027. eCollection 2014.
Beneficial interactions between plants and microorganisms have been investigated under different ecological, physiological, biochemical, and genetic aspects. However, the systematic exploration of biomolecules with potential for biotechnological products from this interaction still is relatively scarce. Therefore, this study aimed the evaluation of the diversity and antimicrobial activity of the endophytic fungi obtained from roots, stems and leafs of Myrcia guianensis (Myrtaceae) from the Brazilian Amazon. 156 endophytic fungi were isolated and above 80% were identified by morphological examination as belonging to the genera Pestalotiopsis, Phomopsis, Aspergillus, Xylaria, Nectria, Penicillium and Fusarium. Fermented broth of those fungi were assayed for antimicrobial activity and four inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Candida albicans and Penicillium avellaneum. As the strain named MgRe2.2.3B (Nectria haematococca) had shown the most promising results against those pathogenic strains, its fermented broth was fractioned and only its two low polar fractions demonstrated to be active. Both fractions exhibited a minimum bactericidal concentration of 50 μg.mL(-1) against S. aureus and a minimum fungicidal concentration of 100 μg.mL(-1) against P. avellaneum. These results demonstrate the diversity of fungal genera in M. guianensis and the potential of these endophytic fungi for the production of new antibiotics.
植物与微生物之间的有益相互作用已在不同的生态、生理、生化和遗传方面进行了研究。然而，从这种相互作用中系统探索具有生物技术产品潜力的生物分子仍然相对较少。因此，本研究旨在评估从巴西亚马逊地区的圭亚那番樱桃（桃金娘科）的根、茎和叶中获得的内生真菌的多样性和抗菌活性。分离出156株内生真菌，通过形态学检查，80%以上被鉴定为属于拟盘多毛孢属、拟茎点霉属、曲霉属、炭角菌属、丛赤壳属、青霉属和镰刀菌属。对这些真菌的发酵液进行抗菌活性测定，其中四种抑制了金黄色葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌、白色念珠菌和榛色青霉的生长。由于名为MgRe2.2.3B的菌株（血红色丛赤壳）对这些致病菌株显示出最有希望的结果，其发酵液被分离，只有其两个低极性组分显示有活性。这两个组分对金黄色葡萄球菌的最低杀菌浓度为50μg.mL(-1)，对榛色青霉的最低杀真菌浓度为100μg.mL(-1)。这些结果证明了圭亚那番樱桃中真菌属的多样性以及这些内生真菌生产新抗生素的潜力。
