Mahoney James J, De La Garza Richard, Jackson Brian J, Verrico Christopher D, Ho Allyson, Iqbal Tabish, Newton Thomas F
Baylor College of Medicine, Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Houston, TX, United States(1).
Baylor College of Medicine, Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Houston, TX, United States(1).
Psychiatry Res. 2014 Oct 30;219(2):367-71. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2014.05.026. Epub 2014 May 27.
The goal of this project was to evaluate the relationship between self-reported sleep habits, daytime sleepiness, and drug use variables in individuals with cocaine and methamphetamine (METH) use disorders. Participants with a cocaine or meth use disorder completed questionnaires, including the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and a demographic/drug use form. Participants with a cocaine (N=51) or meth use disorder (N=85) were separated into those with either high or low sleep deficits. In participants with a cocaine use disorder, ANOVA revealed significantly higher ESS scores among those defined as "poor sleepers" (with a PSQI score >5) when compared to those defined as "good sleepers" (with a PSQI score ≤5). In addition, poor sleepers reported using cocaine for more days out of the past 30 when compared to good sleepers. Interestingly, good sleepers reported using more grams of cocaine/day compared to poor sleepers. In participants with a METH use disorder, ANOVA revealed significantly higher ESS scores among poor sleepers when compared to good sleepers. Finally, individuals with a METH use disorder that endorsed elevated daytime sleepiness also had significantly higher PSQI scores when compared to those with normal daytime sleepiness. The results indicate that drug use variables, such as recent and daily use, may affect sleep quality and daytime sleepiness in individuals with stimulant use disorders; however, further investigations (i.e. in cocaine and METH users that do not meet criteria for a cocaine or METH use disorder) must be conducted in order to provide more conclusive evidence of the impact these usage variables may have on these sleep characteristics.
本项目的目标是评估可卡因和甲基苯丙胺(冰毒)使用障碍患者自我报告的睡眠习惯、日间嗜睡与药物使用变量之间的关系。患有可卡因或冰毒使用障碍的参与者完成了问卷调查,包括匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)、爱泼华嗜睡量表(ESS)以及一份人口统计学/药物使用表格。患有可卡因使用障碍(N = 51)或冰毒使用障碍(N = 85)的参与者被分为睡眠不足程度高或低的两组。在患有可卡因使用障碍的参与者中,方差分析显示,与被定义为“睡眠良好者”(PSQI得分≤5)相比,被定义为“睡眠不佳者”(PSQI得分>5)的ESS得分显著更高。此外,与睡眠良好者相比,睡眠不佳者报告在过去30天中使用可卡因的天数更多。有趣的是,与睡眠不佳者相比,睡眠良好者报告每天使用的可卡因克数更多。在患有冰毒使用障碍的参与者中,方差分析显示,与睡眠良好者相比,睡眠不佳者的ESS得分显著更高。最后,与日间嗜睡正常的人相比,认可日间嗜睡程度较高的冰毒使用障碍患者的PSQI得分也显著更高。结果表明,药物使用变量,如近期使用和每日使用情况,可能会影响兴奋剂使用障碍患者的睡眠质量和日间嗜睡情况;然而,必须进行进一步的调查(即针对不符合可卡因或冰毒使用障碍标准的可卡因和冰毒使用者),以便提供更确凿的证据,证明这些使用变量可能对这些睡眠特征产生的影响。
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