DeMartini Julie K, Casa Douglas J, Belval Luke N, Crago Arthur, Davis Rob J, Jardine John J, Stearns Rebecca L
Korey Stringer Institute, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs;
J Athl Train. 2014 Jul-Aug;49(4):478-85. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-49.3.26. Epub 2014 Jun 27.
The Falmouth Road Race is unique because of the environmental conditions and relatively short distance, which allow runners to maintain a high intensity for the duration of the event. Therefore, the occurrence of exertional heat illnesses (EHIs), especially exertional heat stroke (EHS), is 10 times higher than in other races.
To summarize the occurrence and relationship of EHI and environmental conditions at the Falmouth Road Race.
Descriptive epidemiologic study.
An 11.3-km (7-mile) road race in Falmouth, Massachusetts.
Runners who sustained an EHI while participating in the Falmouth Road Race.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): We obtained 18 years of medical records and environmental conditions from the Falmouth Road Race and documented the incidence of EHI, specifically EHS, as related to ambient temperature (Tamb), relative humidity, and heat index (HI).
Average Tamb, relative humidity, and HI were 23.3 ± 2.5°C, 70 ± 16%, and 24 ± 3.5°C, respectively. Of the 393 total EHI cases observed, EHS accounted for 274 (70%). An average of 15.2 ± 13.0 EHS cases occurred each year; the incidence was 2.13 ± 1.62 cases per 1000 runners. Regression analysis revealed a relationship between the occurrence of both EHI and EHS and Tamb (R(2) = 0.71, P = .001, and R(2) = 0.65, P = .001, respectively) and HI (R(2) = 0.76, P < .001, and R(2) = 0.74, P < .001, respectively). Occurrences of EHS (24.2 ± 15.5 cases versus 9.3 ± 4.3 cases) and EHI (32.3 ± 16.3 versus 13.0 ± 4.9 cases) were higher when Tamb and HI were high compared with when Tamb and HI were low.
Because of the environmental conditions and race duration, the Falmouth Road Race provides a unique setting for a high incidence of EHS. A clear relationship exists between environmental stress, especially as measured by Tamb and HI, and the occurrence of EHS or other EHI. Proper prevention and treatment strategies should be used during periods of high environmental temperatures as the likelihood of runners experiencing EHS is exacerbated in these harsh conditions.
法尔茅斯路跑赛独具特色，因其环境条件及相对较短的距离，使得跑步者在赛事全程能够保持高强度。因此，劳力性热疾病（EHIs），尤其是劳力性热射病（EHS）的发生率比其他赛事高出10倍。
总结法尔茅斯路跑赛中劳力性热疾病的发生情况及其与环境条件的关系。
描述性流行病学研究。
马萨诸塞州法尔茅斯一场11.3公里（7英里）的路跑赛。
在参加法尔茅斯路跑赛时患上劳力性热疾病的跑步者。
我们获取了法尔茅斯路跑赛18年的医疗记录及环境条件，并记录了劳力性热疾病，特别是劳力性热射病与环境温度（Tamb）、相对湿度及热指数（HI）相关的发病率。
平均环境温度、相对湿度及热指数分别为23.3±2.5°C、70±16%和24±3.5°C。在观察到的393例劳力性热疾病总病例中，劳力性热射病占274例（70%）。每年平均发生15.2±13.0例劳力性热射病；发病率为每1000名跑步者2.13±1.62例。回归分析显示，劳力性热疾病和劳力性热射病的发生与环境温度（R²分别为0.71，P = 0.001和R²为0.65，P = 0.001）及热指数（R²分别为0.76，P < 0.001和R²为0.74，P < 0.001）之间存在关联。与环境温度和热指数较低时相比，环境温度和热指数较高时，劳力性热射病（24.2±15.5例对9.3±4.3例）和劳力性热疾病（32.3±16.3例对13.0±4.9例）的发生率更高。
由于环境条件和赛事时长，法尔茅斯路跑赛为劳力性热射病的高发病率提供了一个独特的环境。环境压力，尤其是通过环境温度和热指数衡量的压力，与劳力性热射病或其他劳力性热疾病的发生之间存在明确的关联。在环境温度较高的时期应采用适当的预防和治疗策略，因为在这些恶劣条件下跑步者患劳力性热射病的可能性会增加。
