College of Life and Environmental Science, Minzu Unversity of China, 27 Zhong-guan-cun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China.
Nat Prod Rep. 2014 Sep;31(9):1158-74. doi: 10.1039/c4np00027g.
Natural benzophenones are a class of compounds consisting of more than 300 members, which exhibit great structural diversity and bioactive properties. Many benzophenones have been reported from higher plants or fungi, most with polyisoprenylated benzophenone skeletons, and are mainly found in the Clusiaceae (formerly Guttiferae) family, a number from edible or medicinal species. Owing to their variable substituents and complex ring systems, many new polyisoprenylated benzophenones (PPBS), including ones with unusual skeletons, were isolated and identified. These natural benzophenones exhibit a range of biological activities including antifungal, anti-HIV, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiviral and cytotoxic. Because of the increased numbers and biological importance of these unique natural product polyphenols, we will review natural benzophenones and provide an in-depth discussion of their structural diversity and biological activity. By focusing on these key developments in benzophenones, we will contribute a focused review, selecting examples mostly from the last 15 years, but extending our scope to other historically important benzophenones discovered prior to that time.
天然二苯甲酮是一类由超过 300 个成员组成的化合物，具有很大的结构多样性和生物活性。许多二苯甲酮已从高等植物或真菌中被报道，其中大多数具有多异戊二烯基二苯甲酮骨架，主要存在于藤黄科（原藤黄科）家族中，一些来自可食用或药用物种。由于其可变取代基和复杂的环系，许多新的多异戊二烯基二苯甲酮（PPBS），包括具有不寻常骨架的二苯甲酮，被分离和鉴定。这些天然二苯甲酮表现出多种生物活性，包括抗真菌、抗 HIV、抗菌、抗氧化、抗病毒和细胞毒性。由于这些独特的天然产物多酚的数量增加和生物学重要性，我们将综述天然二苯甲酮，并深入讨论其结构多样性和生物活性。通过关注二苯甲酮的这些关键发展，我们将提供一个重点综述，主要选择最近 15 年的例子，但将范围扩展到更早以前发现的其他历史上重要的二苯甲酮。
