Ordonez Jhonny E, Kleinschmidt Kurt C, Forrester Mathias B
Parkland Health and Hospital System, Dallas, TX;
Parkland Health and Hospital System, Dallas, TX; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX;
Nicotine Tob Res. 2015 Feb;17(2):209-11. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntu223. Epub 2014 Oct 25.
Exposure to the liquid nicotine solutions in electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) may be dangerous because they are highly concentrated. Little is known about the impact of exposure on public health. This study describes e-cig exposures reported to poison centers.
All e-cig exposures reported to Texas poison centers during 2009 to February 2014 were identified. Exposures involving other substances in addition to e-cigs and exposures not followed to a final medical outcome were included. The distributions of exposures by demographic and clinical factors were determined.
Of 225 total exposures, 2 were reported in January 2009, 6 in 2010, 11 in 2011, 43 in 2012, 123 in 2013, and 40 through February 2014. Fifty-three percent (n = 119) occurred among individuals aged <5 years old, 41% (n = 93) occurred among individuals aged >20 years old, and 6% (n = 13) occurred among individuals aged 6-19 years. Fifty percent were female. The route of exposure was 78% ingestion. Eighty-seven percent of the exposures were unintentional, and 5% were intentional. The exposures occurred at patients' own residences in 95% of the cases. The clinical effects reported most often were vomiting (20%), nausea (10%), headache (4%), ocular irritation (5%), dizziness (5%), and lethargy (2%).
E-cig exposures reported to poison centers are increasing. Most of the patients are young children, and the exposures most frequently occur through ingestion. Reported exposures often do not have serious outcomes.
接触电子烟中的液态尼古丁溶液可能很危险，因为它们浓度很高。关于这种接触对公众健康的影响知之甚少。本研究描述了向中毒控制中心报告的电子烟接触情况。
确定了2009年至2014年2月期间向德克萨斯州中毒控制中心报告的所有电子烟接触案例。包括除电子烟外还涉及其他物质的接触案例以及未追踪到最终医疗结果的接触案例。确定了按人口统计学和临床因素划分的接触分布情况。
在总共225例接触案例中，2009年1月报告了2例，2010年6例，2011年11例，2012年43例，2013年123例，截至2014年2月为40例。53%（n = 119）发生在5岁以下个体中，41%（n = 93）发生在20岁以上个体中，6%（n = 13）发生在6 - 19岁个体中。50%为女性。接触途径为摄入的占78%。87%的接触为非故意的，5%为故意的。95%的案例中接触发生在患者自己家中。最常报告的临床症状为呕吐（20%）、恶心（10%）、头痛（4%）、眼部刺激（5%）、头晕（5%）和嗜睡（2%）。
向中毒控制中心报告的电子烟接触案例在增加。大多数患者是幼儿，接触最常通过摄入发生。报告的接触案例通常没有严重后果。
