Dzeufiet Paul Désiré Djomeni, Mogueo Amélie, Bilanda Danielle Claude, Aboubakar Bibi-Farouck Oumarou, Tédong Léonard, Dimo Théophile, Kamtchouing Pierre
Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I, P,O, Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon.
BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Dec 17;14:507. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-507.
The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of the aqueous extract obtained from the mixture of fresh leaf of Persea americana, stems and fresh leaf of Cymbopogon citratus, fruits of Citrus medica and honey on ethanol and sucrose induced hypertension in rats.
Rats were divided into eight groups of 6 rats each and daily treated for 5 weeks. The control group received distilled water (1 mL/kg) while rats of groups 2, 3 and 4 received ethanol 40 degrees (3 g/kg/day), 10% sucrose as drinking water and the two substances respectively. The remaining groups received in addition to sucrose and ethanol, the aqueous extract (50, 100 and 150 mg/kg) or nifedipine (10 mg/kg) respectively. Many parameters including hemodynamic, biochemical and histopathological were assessed at the end of the study.
The concomitant consumption of ethanol and sucrose significantly (p < 0.001) increased the blood pressure and the heart rate compared to distilled water treated-rats. The levels of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, atherogenic index, glucose, proteins, AST, ALT, creatinin, potassium, sodium and albumin increased while the HDL-cholesterol decreased under ethanol and sucrose feeding. Chronic ethanol and sucrose intake significantly decreased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) as well as the contents of reduced glutathione (GSH) and nitrites whereas elevated the malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Histological analysis revealed among other vascular congestion, inflammation, tubular clarification and thickening of the vessel wall in rats treated with alcohol and sucrose. Administration of the aqueous extract or nifedipine prevented the hemodynamic, biochemical, oxidative and histological impairments induced chronic ethanol and sucrose consumption.
Current results suggest that the aqueous extract used in this study possess antihypertensive activity against ethanol and sucrose induced hypertension in rats by the improvement of biochemical and oxidative status, and by protecting liver, kidney and vascular endothelium against damages induced by chronic consumption of ethanol and sucrose.
本研究旨在评估从美国牛油果鲜叶、柠檬草茎与鲜叶、酸橙果实及蜂蜜的混合物中提取的水提取物对乙醇和蔗糖诱导的大鼠高血压的影响。
将大鼠分为八组，每组6只，每日进行处理，持续5周。对照组给予蒸馏水（1 mL/kg），而第2、3和4组的大鼠分别给予40度乙醇（3 g/kg/天）、10%蔗糖作为饮用水以及这两种物质。其余组除蔗糖和乙醇外，分别给予水提取物（50、100和150 mg/kg）或硝苯地平（10 mg/kg）。在研究结束时评估了包括血流动力学、生化和组织病理学在内的许多参数。
与给予蒸馏水的大鼠相比，同时摄入乙醇和蔗糖显著（p < 0.001）升高了血压和心率。在给予乙醇和蔗糖的情况下，总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯、致动脉粥样硬化指数、葡萄糖、蛋白质、天冬氨酸转氨酶、丙氨酸转氨酶、肌酐、钾、钠和白蛋白水平升高，而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平降低。长期摄入乙醇和蔗糖显著降低了超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）的活性以及还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）和亚硝酸盐的含量，而丙二醛（MDA）水平升高。组织学分析显示，在用酒精和蔗糖处理的大鼠中，除其他情况外，还存在血管充血、炎症、肾小管清亮和血管壁增厚。给予水提取物或硝苯地平可预防慢性摄入乙醇和蔗糖引起的血流动力学、生化、氧化和组织学损伤。
目前的结果表明，本研究中使用的水提取物通过改善生化和氧化状态以及保护肝脏、肾脏和血管内皮免受慢性摄入乙醇和蔗糖引起的损害，对乙醇和蔗糖诱导的大鼠高血压具有降压活性。
