In the present study, a new flavanoid 1, together with nine known ones 2-10 were isolated from the stem bark of Choerospondias axillaries, the fruit of which was used mainly for treatment of cardiovascular diseases in China. The structure of 1 was established on the basis of its extensive spectral data, and the absolute structures of 1 and 10 were determined by their CD data. The absolute structure of 10 was established for the first time. Among the obtained compounds, 5-8 inhibited the proliferation of K562 cells with inhibition rates of 26.6%, 65.7%, 40.4% and 45.6% at 100 µg/mL; 1 and 4-10 showed significant protective effects on anoxia-induced injury in cultured ECV304 or PC12 cells at 50 µg/mL; 8 and 9 showed antibacterial effects on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC6538 at the tested concentration of 150 µg/8 mm paper disc. Compounds 2 and 4-10 were isolated for the first time from this genus. The proliferation inhibiting activities of 7 and 8, the anti-hypoxia activities of 1 and 4-10, and the antibacterial effect of 8 and 9 on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC6538 are reported here for the first time.