Xu Meng-Que, Cao Hai-Long, Wang Wei-Qiang, Wang Shan, Cao Xiao-Cang, Yan Fang, Wang Bang-Mao
Meng-Que Xu, Hai-Long Cao, Wei-Qiang Wang, Shan Wang, Xiao-Cang Cao, Fang Yan, Bang-Mao Wang, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300052, China.
World J Gastroenterol. 2015 Jan 7;21(1):102-11. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i1.102.
Intestinal dysbiosis is now known to be a complication in a myriad of diseases. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), as a microbiota-target therapy, is arguably very effective for curing Clostridium difficile infection and has good outcomes in other intestinal diseases. New insights have raised an interest in FMT for the management of extra-intestinal disorders associated with gut microbiota. This review shows that it is an exciting time in the burgeoning science of FMT application in previously unexpected areas, including metabolic diseases, neuropsychiatric disorders, autoimmune diseases, allergic disorders, and tumors. A randomized controlled trial was conducted on FMT in metabolic syndrome by infusing microbiota from lean donors or from self-collected feces, with the resultant findings showing that the lean donor feces group displayed increased insulin sensitivity, along with increased levels of butyrate-producing intestinal microbiota. Case reports of FMT have also shown favorable outcomes in Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, myoclonus dystonia, chronic fatigue syndrome, and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. FMT is a promising approach in the manipulation of the intestinal microbiota and has potential applications in a variety of extra-intestinal conditions associated with intestinal dysbiosis.
如今已知肠道菌群失调是众多疾病的一种并发症。粪便微生物群移植（FMT）作为一种针对微生物群的治疗方法，对于治疗艰难梭菌感染可谓非常有效，且在其他肠道疾病中也有良好疗效。新的见解引发了人们对FMT用于管理与肠道微生物群相关的肠外疾病的兴趣。这篇综述表明，在将FMT应用于包括代谢性疾病、神经精神疾病、自身免疫性疾病、过敏性疾病和肿瘤等此前未预料到的领域这一新兴科学领域，正处于令人兴奋的时期。通过输注来自瘦捐赠者的微生物群或自体采集的粪便，对代谢综合征患者进行了FMT的随机对照试验，结果发现，瘦捐赠者粪便组的胰岛素敏感性增加，同时产生丁酸盐的肠道微生物群水平也有所提高。FMT的病例报告在帕金森病、多发性硬化症、肌阵挛性肌张力障碍、慢性疲劳综合征和特发性血小板减少性紫癜中也显示出良好效果。FMT在调控肠道微生物群方面是一种很有前景的方法，并且在与肠道菌群失调相关的各种肠外病症中具有潜在应用价值。
