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The impact of comparative effectiveness research on health and health care spending.比较效益研究对健康和医疗保健支出的影响。
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使用工具变量估计以患者为中心的治疗（PeT）效果：在评估前列腺癌治疗中的应用。

ESTIMATING PERSON-CENTERED TREATMENT (PeT) EFFECTS USING INSTRUMENTAL VARIABLES: AN APPLICATION TO EVALUATING PROSTATE CANCER TREATMENTS.

作者信息

Basu Anirban

机构信息

Departments of Health Services and Economics and Pharmaceutical Outcomes Research and Policy Program (PORPP), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA ; NBER, Cambridge, MA, USA.

出版信息

J Appl Econ (Chichester Engl). 2014 June/July;29(4):671-691. doi: 10.1002/jae.2343.

DOI:10.1002/jae.2343
PMID:25620844
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4300990/
Abstract

This paper builds on the methods of local instrumental variables developed by Heckman and Vytlacil (1999, 2001, 2005) to estimate person-centered treatment (PeT) effects that are conditioned on the person's observed characteristics and averaged over the potential conditional distribution of unobserved characteristics that lead them to their observed treatment choices. PeT effects are more individualized than conditional treatment effects from a randomized setting with the same observed characteristics. PeT effects can be easily aggregated to construct any of the mean treatment effect parameters and, more importantly, are well suited to comprehend individual-level treatment effect heterogeneity. The paper presents the theory behind PeT effects, and applies it to study the variation in individual-level comparative effects of prostate cancer treatments on overall survival and costs.

摘要

本文基于赫克曼和维特拉西尔（1999年、2001年、2005年）开发的局部工具变量方法，来估计以个体观察特征为条件、并在导致其观察到的治疗选择的未观察特征的潜在条件分布上求平均的以人为本的治疗（PeT）效果。与具有相同观察特征的随机设置中的条件治疗效果相比，PeT效果更具个性化。PeT效果可以很容易地汇总以构建任何平均治疗效果参数，更重要的是，非常适合理解个体层面的治疗效果异质性。本文介绍了PeT效果背后的理论，并将其应用于研究前列腺癌治疗对总体生存和成本的个体层面比较效果的差异。