Ketelaar Sarah M, Nieuwenhuijsen Karen, Frings-Dresen Monique H W, Sluiter Judith K
Academic Medical Center, Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, University of Amsterdam, PO Box 22700, 1100 DE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2015 Oct;88(7):953-62. doi: 10.1007/s00420-015-1022-5. Epub 2015 Jan 30.
To investigate Dutch novice nurses' experiences and needs regarding occupational health support to prevent work-related health problems and to keep them well-functioning.
A qualitative interview study was conducted with six nursing students and eight newly qualified nurses. The interviews covered three topics: experiences with the link between work and health, received occupational health support, and occupational health support needs. Data were analysed using a grounded theory approach.
Participants reported experiences with work-related health problems early in their career and described experiences with how health problems lead to suboptimal work functioning. Occupational health support needs included knowledge and psychosocial support during nursing education, e.g. through paying attention to dealing with shift work, or career counselling. Also, they reported a need for knowledge and psychosocial support at the start of their clinical placement or new job in the hospital, e.g. information from occupational health services or having a mentor. Furthermore, they reported that occupational health support requires a more general place at work through offering knowledge, e.g. tailored advice on proper lifting position; psychosocial support, e.g. positive team atmosphere; and physical support, e.g. suitable preventive measures.
Occupational health support for novice nurses is important, since they already experience work-related health problems and suboptimal work functioning due to health problems early in their career and while still in training to be a nurse. Novice nurses should be given more knowledge and support to help them stay healthy and well-functioning in their work. This is a joint responsibility of nurse educators, the employer and occupational health services.
调查荷兰新手护士在职业健康支持方面的经历和需求，以预防与工作相关的健康问题并保持其良好的工作状态。
对六名护理专业学生和八名新获得资格的护士进行了定性访谈研究。访谈涵盖三个主题：工作与健康之间联系的经历、获得的职业健康支持以及职业健康支持需求。使用扎根理论方法对数据进行分析。
参与者报告了在职业生涯早期经历的与工作相关的健康问题，并描述了健康问题如何导致工作表现欠佳的经历。职业健康支持需求包括护理教育期间的知识和心理社会支持，例如通过关注应对轮班工作或职业咨询。此外，他们报告在临床实习开始或在医院新工作时需要知识和心理社会支持，例如来自职业健康服务机构的信息或有一位导师。此外，他们报告职业健康支持需要在工作场所占据更普遍的位置，通过提供知识，例如关于正确搬运姿势的量身定制的建议；心理社会支持，例如积极的团队氛围；以及身体支持，例如适当的预防措施。
对新手护士的职业健康支持很重要，因为他们在职业生涯早期且仍在接受护士培训时就已经经历了与工作相关的健康问题以及由于健康问题导致的工作表现欠佳。应该给予新手护士更多的知识和支持，以帮助他们在工作中保持健康和良好的工作状态。这是护士教育工作者、雇主和职业健康服务机构的共同责任。
