作物驯化和育种过程中的基因组变化模式。
Patterns of genomic changes with crop domestication and breeding.
作者信息
Shi Junpeng, Lai Jinsheng
机构信息
State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and National Maize Improvement Center, Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and National Maize Improvement Center, Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
出版信息
Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2015 Apr;24:47-53. doi: 10.1016/j.pbi.2015.01.008. Epub 2015 Feb 2.
Crop domestication and further breeding improvement have long been important areas of genetics and genomics studies. With the rapid advancing of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies, the amount of population genomics data has surged rapidly. Analyses of the mega genomics data have started to uncover a previously unknown pattern of genome-wide changes with crop domestication and breeding. Selection during domestication and breeding drastically reshaped crop genomes, which have ended up with regions of greatly reduced genetic diversity and apparent enrichment of potentially beneficial alleles located in both genic and non-genic regions. Increasing evidences suggest that epigenetic modifications also played an important role during domestication and breeding.
作物驯化和进一步的育种改良长期以来一直是遗传学和基因组学研究的重要领域。随着下一代测序（NGS）技术的迅速发展，群体基因组学数据量急剧增加。对海量基因组数据的分析已开始揭示作物驯化和育种过程中全基因组变化的一种前所未知的模式。驯化和育种过程中的选择极大地重塑了作物基因组，最终导致遗传多样性大幅降低的区域以及位于基因区和非基因区的潜在有益等位基因明显富集。越来越多的证据表明，表观遗传修饰在驯化和育种过程中也发挥了重要作用。
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