Liu Xiaowei, Shi Jianghong, Bo Ting, Li Huiyuan, Crittenden John C
State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2015 Jul;22(14):10690-8. doi: 10.1007/s11356-015-4253-9. Epub 2015 Mar 11.
The first nationwide survey of six phthalates (diethyl phthalate (DEP); dimethyl phthalate (DMP); di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP); butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP); bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP); din-octyl phthalate (DnOP)) in drinking waters from waterworks was conducted across seven geographical zones in China. Of the six target phthalates, DBP and DEHP were the highest abundant phthalates with median (± interquartile range) values of 0.18 ± 0.47 and 0.18 ± 0.97 μg/L, respectively, but did not exceed the limit values in China's Standards for Drinking Water Quality. These phthalates in drinking water were generally higher in the northern regions of China than those in the southern and eastern regions. Based on the investigated concentrations, lifetime exposure risk assessment indicated that phthalates in drinking water did not pose carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic risks to Chinese residents, even under the conservative scenario (with 95th percentile risk). In addition, we found that DEHP contributed the greatest risk to the total exposure risk of all the selected phthalates and oral ingestion was the main exposure route for phthalates in drinking water.
在中国七个地理区域开展了首次针对自来水厂饮用水中六种邻苯二甲酸酯（邻苯二甲酸二乙酯（DEP）；邻苯二甲酸二甲酯（DMP）；邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯（DBP）；邻苯二甲酸丁苄酯（BBP）；邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯（DEHP）；邻苯二甲酸二正辛酯（DnOP））的全国性调查。在六种目标邻苯二甲酸酯中，DBP和DEHP是含量最高的邻苯二甲酸酯，中位数（±四分位间距）分别为0.18±0.47和0.18±0.97μg/L，但未超过中国《生活饮用水卫生标准》中的限值。中国北方地区饮用水中的这些邻苯二甲酸酯含量普遍高于南方和东部地区。根据调查浓度进行的终生暴露风险评估表明，即使在保守情况下（第95百分位数风险），饮用水中的邻苯二甲酸酯也不会对中国居民造成致癌和非致癌风险。此外，我们发现DEHP对所有选定邻苯二甲酸酯的总暴露风险贡献最大，经口摄入是饮用水中邻苯二甲酸酯的主要暴露途径。
