Klempova Bibiana, Liepelt Roman
Junior Group "Neurocognition of Joint Action", Institute for Psychology, University of Muenster, Fliednerstraße 21, 48149, Muenster, Germany.
Psychol Res. 2016 Jul;80(4):449-63. doi: 10.1007/s00426-015-0664-y. Epub 2015 Apr 2.
Recent findings suggest that a Simon effect (SE) can be induced in Individual go/nogo tasks when responding next to an event-producing object salient enough to provide a reference for the spatial coding of one's own action. However, there is skepticism against referential coding for the joint Simon effect (JSE) by proponents of task co-representation. In the present study, we tested assumptions of task co-representation and referential coding by introducing unexpected double response events in a joint go/nogo and a joint independent go/nogo task. In Experiment 1b, we tested if task representations are functionally similar in joint and standard Simon tasks. In Experiment 2, we tested sequential updating of task co-representation after unexpected single response events in the joint independent go/nogo task. Results showed increased JSEs following unexpected events in the joint go/nogo and joint independent go/nogo task (Experiment 1a). While the former finding is in line with the assumptions made by both accounts (task co-representation and referential coding), the latter finding supports referential coding. In contrast to Experiment 1a, we found a decreased SE after unexpected events in the standard Simon task (Experiment 1b), providing evidence against the functional equivalence assumption between joint and two-choice Simon tasks of the task co-representation account. Finally, we found an increased JSE also following unexpected single response events (Experiment 2), ruling out that the findings of the joint independent go/nogo task in Experiment 1a were due to a re-conceptualization of the task situation. In conclusion, our findings support referential coding also for the joint Simon effect.
最近的研究结果表明，当在一个足以产生事件的突出物体旁边做出反应时，个体的执行/不执行任务中可以诱发西蒙效应（SE），该物体可为个体自身动作的空间编码提供参考。然而，任务共同表征的支持者对联合西蒙效应（JSE）的参照编码持怀疑态度。在本研究中，我们通过在联合执行/不执行任务和联合独立执行/不执行任务中引入意外的双重反应事件，来测试任务共同表征和参照编码的假设。在实验1b中，我们测试了联合西蒙任务和标准西蒙任务中任务表征在功能上是否相似。在实验2中，我们测试了联合独立执行/不执行任务中意外单反应事件后任务共同表征的顺序更新。结果显示，联合执行/不执行任务和联合独立执行/不执行任务中意外事件后JSE增加（实验1a）。虽然前一个发现与两种解释（任务共同表征和参照编码）所做的假设一致，但后一个发现支持参照编码。与实验1a相反，我们发现标准西蒙任务中意外事件后SE降低（实验1b），这为任务共同表征解释中联合西蒙任务和二择一西蒙任务之间功能等效假设提供了反证。最后，我们还发现意外单反应事件后JSE增加（实验2），排除了实验1a中联合独立执行/不执行任务的发现是由于任务情境重新概念化的可能性。总之，我们的研究结果也支持联合西蒙效应的参照编码。
