Glaser Jan, Schultheis Martina, Moll Heidrun, Hazra Banasri, Holzgrabe Ulrike
Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Wuerzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany.
Institute for Molecular Infection Biology, University of Wuerzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany.
Molecules. 2015 Apr 1;20(4):5740-53. doi: 10.3390/molecules20045740.
The chloroform extract of Valeriana wallichii (V. wallichii) rhizomes was investigated to elucidate the structures responsible for reported antileishmanial activity. Besides bornyl caffeate (1, already been reported by us previously), bioassay-guided fractionation resulted in two additional cinnamic acid derivatives 2-3 with moderate leishmanicidal activity. The structure of a novel nepetolactone derivative 4 having a cinnamic acid moiety was elucidated by means of spectral analysis. To the best of our knowledge villoside aglycone (5) was isolated from this plant for the first time. The bioassay-guided fractionation yielded two new (compounds 6-7) and two known valtrates (compounds 8-9) with leishmanicidal potential against Leishmania major (L. major) promastigotes. In addition, β-bisabolol (10), α-kessyl alcohol (11), valeranone (12), bornyl isovalerate (13) and linarin-2-O-methylbutyrate (14) were identified. This is the first report on the isolation of 4'-demethylpodophyllotoxin (15), podophyllotoxin (16) and pinoresinol (17) in V. wallichii. In total thirteen known and four new compounds were identified from the extract and their cytotoxic and antileishmanial properties were evaluated.
对缬草（Valeriana wallichii）根茎的氯仿提取物进行了研究，以阐明其具有抗利什曼原虫活性的结构。除了我们之前已经报道过的咖啡酸龙脑酯（1）之外，通过生物活性导向分离得到了另外两种具有中度抗利什曼原虫活性的肉桂酸衍生物2 - 3。通过光谱分析阐明了一种具有肉桂酸部分的新型荆芥内酯衍生物4的结构。据我们所知，缬草苷元（5）首次从该植物中分离得到。生物活性导向分离产生了两种新的化合物（化合物6 - 7）和两种已知的缬草酯（化合物8 - 9），它们对杜氏利什曼原虫（Leishmania major）前鞭毛体具有抗利什曼原虫的潜力。此外，还鉴定出了β-红没药醇（10）、α-香橙醇（11）、缬草酮（12）、异戊酸龙脑酯（13）和2 - O - 甲基丁酸木犀草素酯（14）。这是首次报道在缬草中分离出4'-去甲基鬼臼毒素（15）、鬼臼毒素（16）和松脂醇（17）。从提取物中总共鉴定出了13种已知化合物和4种新化合物，并对它们的细胞毒性和抗利什曼原虫特性进行了评估。
